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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Two-Photon N-Party Quantum Secret Sharing

Warren P. Grice, Joseph M. Lukens, Nicholas A. Peters, Brian P. Williams

Published Jan 1, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We describe a multi-party quantum secret sharing protocol utilizing two-photon entangled states in which the source is one of the secret sharing participants. It is experimentally easier to realize than methods using GHZ states.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2018.ftu4a.5

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Secret sharing is a multiparty cryptographic task in which some secret information is split into several pieces which are distributed among the participants such that only an authorized set of participants can reconstruct the original secret. Similar to quantum key distribution, in quantum secret sharing, the secrecy of the shared information relies not on computational assumptions, but on laws of quantum physics. Here, we present an experimental demonstration of four-party quantum secret sharing via the resource of four-photon entanglement.
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In this paper, we propose an efficient multi-party quantum secret sharing scheme based on GHZ entangled state. The participants in this scheme are divided into two groups, and share secrets as a group. There is no need to exchange any measurement information between the two groups, reducing the security problems caused by the communication process. Each participant holds one particle from each GHZ state; it can be found that the particles of each GHZ state are related after measuring them, and the eavesdropping detection can detect external attacks based on this characteristic. Furthermore, since the participants within the two groups encode the measured particles, they can recover the same secrets. Security analysis shows that the protocol can resist the intercept-and-resend attack and entanglement measurement attack, and the simulation results show that the probability of an external attacker being detected is proportional to the amount of information he can obtain. Compared with the existing protocols, this proposed protocol is more secure, has less quantum resources and is more practical.