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Photonic and Phononic Properties of Engineered Nanostructures

Photonic bound state and antibunching generations in atom-ring resonator-waveguide QED system

Zihao Chen, Yao Zhou, Jung‐Tsung Shen

Published Feb 21, 2018• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a computational study of two-photon scattering process in an atom-ring resonator-waveguide QED system. By properly manipulating the operating frequency of incoming photons, we show that two-photon bound state and photon antibunching statistics are generated through resonator-mediated atom-photon interactions. Numerically, we find that mild backscattering and dissipation enhance the quality of generated photonic correlations. In addition, we also report the quantum photonic halo effect and the dissipation-induced photonic correlation transition phenomenon.

DOI
10.1117/12.2289068

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We present a computational study of two-photon scattering process in an atom-ring resonator-waveguide QED system. By properly manipulating the operating frequency of incoming photons, we show that two-photon bound state and photon antibunching statistics are generated through resonator-mediated atom-photon interactions. Numerically, we find that mild backscattering and dissipation enhance the quality of generated photonic correlations. In addition, we also report the quantum photonic halo effect and the dissipation-induced photonic correlation transition phenomenon.
We numerically investigate the photonic state generation and its nonclassical correlations in a ring-resonator waveguide quantum electrodynamics system. Specifically, we discuss photon antibunching and bunching in various scenarios, including the imperfect resonator with backscattering and dissipations. Our numerical results indicate that an imperfect ring resonator with backscattering can enhance the quality of antibunching. In addition, we also identify the quantum photonic halo phenomenon in the photon scattering dynamics and the shoulder effect in the second-order correlation function.
We study the properties of bound states in waveguide-QED systems consisting of multiple giant atoms coupled to a coupled-resonator waveguide. Based on the general analytical expressions for these states and the corresponding energy spectra, we analyze in detail the threshold conditions for the appearance of bound states and the photon-mediated interactions between dressed atoms for different configurations. In addition, when multiple giant atoms are coupled to the waveguide, different types of interacting atomic chain can be obtained by manipulating the coupling configurations. Accordingly, the energy spectra of the bound states form metaband structures in the photonic band gaps. This makes the system a useful platform for quantum simulation and quantum information processing.
We study the nonreciprocal properties of transmitted photons in a chiral waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED) system, including single- and two-photon transmissions and second-order correlations. For the single-photon transmission, the nonreciprocity is induced by the effects of chiral coupling and atomic dissipation in the weak coupling region. It vanishes in the strong coupling regime when the effect of atomic dissipation becomes ignorable. In the case of two-photon transmission, there exist two ways of going through the emitter: independently as plane waves and formation of bound state. Besides the nonreciprocal behavior of plane waves, the bound state that differs in two directions also alters transmission probabilities. In addition, the second-order correlation of transmitted photons depends on the interference between plane wave and bound state. The destructive interference leads to the strong antibunching in the weak coupling region, while the effective formation of bound state leads to the strong bunching in the intermediate coupling region. However, the negligible interactions for left-propagating photons hardly change the statistics of the input coherent state.
We study the photon blockade of two-photon scattering in a one-dimensional waveguide, which contains two atoms coupled via the Rydberg interaction. We obtain the analytic scattering solution of photonic wave packets with the Laplace transform method. We examine the photon correlation by addressing the two-photon relative wave function and the second-order correlation function in the single- and two-photon resonance cases. It is found that, under the single-photon resonance condition, photon bunching and antibunching can be observed in the two-photon transmission and reflection, respectively. In particular, the bunching and antibunching effects become stronger with the increasing of the Rydberg coupling strength. In addition, we find a phenomenon of bunching-antibunching transition caused by the two-photon resonance.
We investigate the scattering processes of two photons in a one-dimensional waveguide coupled to two giant atoms. By adjusting the accumulated phase shifts between the coupling points, we are able to effectively manipulate the characteristics of these scattering photons. Utilizing the Lippmann-Schwinger formalism, we derive analytical expressions for the wave functions describing two-photon interaction in separate, braided, and nested configurations. Based on these wave functions, we also obtain analytical expressions for the incoherent power spectra and second-order correlation functions. In contrast to small atoms, the incoherent spectrum, which is defined by the correlation of the bound state, can exhibit more tunability due to the phase shifts. Additionally, the second-order correlation functions in the transmission and reflection fields could be tuned to exhibit either bunching or antibunching upon resonant driving. These unique features offered by the giant atoms in waveguide QED could benefit the generation of nonclassical itinerant photons in quantum networks.