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Covert Communications Versus Physical Layer Security.

Moslem Forouzesh, Paeiz Azmi, Nader Mokari, Kai‐Kit Wong

Published Mar 18, 2018• 8 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

This letter studies and compares the physical-layer security approach and the covert communication approach for a wiretap channel with a transmitter, an intended receiver and an eavesdropper. In order to make the comparison, we investigate the power allocation problems for maximizing the secrecy/covert rate subject to the transmit power constraint. Simulation results illustrate that if the eavesdropper is not noisy or it is near to the transmitter, covert communication is more preferable.

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IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW)•Oct 1, 2009•17 citations
This letter studies and compares the physical-layer security approach and the covert communication approach for a wiretap channel with a transmitter, an intended receiver and an eavesdropper. In order to make the comparison, we investigate the power allocation problems for maximizing the secrecy/covert rate subject to the transmit power constraint. Simulation results illustrate that if the eavesdropper is not noisy or it is near to the transmitter, covert communication is more preferable.
We consider the problem of secure communication in wireless fading channels in the presence of non-colluding passive eavesdroppers. The transmitter has multiple antennas and is able to simultaneously transmit an information bearing signal to the intended receiver and artificial noise to the eavesdroppers. We obtain an analytical closed-form lower bound for secrecy capacity, which is used as the objective function to optimize transmit power allocation between the information signal and the artificial noise. Our analytical and numerical results show that equal power allocation is a simple and generic strategy which achieves near optimal capacity performance. We also find that adaptive power allocation based on each channel realization provides no or insignificant capacity improvement over equal power allocation.
A (layered) broadcast approach is studied for the fading wiretap channel without the channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. Two broadcast schemes, based on superposition coding and embedded coding, respectively, are developed to encode information into a number of layers and use stochastic encoding to keep the corresponding information secret from an eavesdropper. The layers that can be successfully and securely transmitted are determined by the channel states to the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper. The advantage of these broadcast approaches is that the transmitter does not need to know the CSI to the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper, but the scheme still adapts to the channel states of the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper. Three scenarios of block fading wiretap channels with stringent delay constraints are studied, in which either the legitimate receiver's channel, the eavesdropper's channel, or both channels are fading. For each scenario, the secrecy rate that can be achieved via the broadcast approach developed in this paper is derived, and the optimal power allocation over the layers (or the conditions on the optimal power allocation) is also characterized. A notion of probabilistic secrecy, which characterizes the probability that a certain secrecy rate of decoded messages is achieved during one block, is also introduced and studied for scenarios when the eavesdropper's channel is fading. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the impact of the CSI at the transmitter and the channel fluctuations of the eavesdropper on the average secrecy rate. These examples also demonstrate the advantage of the proposed broadcast approach over the compound channel approach.
We investigate physical layer security in wireless communication networks, where a transmitter Alice sends a confidential message to an intended user Bob, while coexisting with a normal transmitter DT, a normal receiver DR, and a passive eavesdropper Eve. Compared with the conventional cooperative jamming (CJ) scheme, DT has dual responsibilities. One is to broadcast public information to its service subscriber DR, and the other is to confound the unauthorized eavesdropper Eve to ensure desired secure communication. Considering the secrecy outage restriction of Bob and the quality of service demand of DR, we propose an optimal resource management strategy. Users with different security requirements take hierarchical secure measures. For example, banking transaction needs to adopt high strength security measures, and personal voice communication resorts to low-level security protection strategies. Numerical simulations show that the proposed secure design outperforms the CJ scheme in terms of effective service rate and effective energy efficiency with a little secrecy rate loss, which is suitable for the low-level security real-time communication.
This paper explores a new secure wireless communication paradigm where the physical layer security technology is applied to counteract both the detection and eavesdropping attacks, such that the critical covertness and secrecy properties of the communication are jointly guaranteed. We first provide theoretical modeling for covertness outage probability (COP), secrecy outage probability (SOP) and transmission probability (TP) to depict the covertness, secrecy and transmission performances of the paradigm. To understand the fundamental security performance under the new paradigm, we then define a new metric - covert secrecy rate (CSR), which characterizes the maximum transmission rate subject to the constraints of COP, SOP and TP. We further conduct detailed theoretical analysis to identify the CSR under various scenarios determined by the detector-eavesdropper relationships and the secure transmission schemes adopted by transmitters. Finally, numerical results are provided to illustrate the achievable performances under the new secure communication paradigm.
In this paper, we suggest a physical layer security transmission scheme which can be employed when an eavesdropper is located near a receiver and channels are correlated. When the receiver-eavesdropper distance is short, it is difficult to obtain a security gain because the eavesdropper can have a similar channel compared to the receiver. To mitigate this problem, the receiver may transmit a jamming signal to prevent data acquisition from the eavesdropper. On this occasion to lessen the outgoing interference caused by the jamming signal to external communication networks, we assume that the sum of the transmission power of the transmitter and the jamming power of the receiver is kept constant. Under this restricted power consumption condition, we evaluate the security performance of our proposed transmission scheme using two metrics, such as threshold outage probability and secrecy capacity. By simulation, we find the optimal power consumption ratio between transmission power and jamming power which maximizes the threshold outage probability. We also analyze the secrecy capacity by simulation and numerical results.
A (layered) broadcast approach is studied for fading wiretap channels. The basic idea is to employ superposition coding to encode information into a number of layers and use stochastic encoding for each layer to keep the corresponding information secret from an eavesdropper. The legitimate receiver successively decodes information one layer after another by canceling the interference caused by the layers that the receiver has already decoded. The advantage of this approach is that the transmitter does not need to know the channel states to the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper, but can still securely transmit certain layers of information to the legitimate receiver. The layers that can be securely transmitted are determined by the channel states to the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper. The Gaussian wiretap channel with fixed channel gains is first studied to illustrate the idea of the broadcast approach. Three cases of block fading wiretap channels with a stringent delay constraint are then studied, in which either the legitimate receiver's channel, the eavesdropper's channel, or both channels are fading. For each case, the secrecy rate that can be achieved by using the broadcast approach is obtained, and the optimal power allocation over the layers (or the conditions on the optimal power allocation) is also derived.