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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Quantum treatment of laser cooling on weak transitions: multipeaks and bimodal momentum distributions

R. Ya. Ilenkov, A. V. Taǐchenachev, Valeriy I. Yudin, Прудников Олег Николаевич

Published Jan 1, 2018• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The work is devoted to the study of the features and parameters of the momentum distributions of atoms laser cooled on weak optical transitions. It was shown that atoms distributions are described by a bimodal momentum distribution whose characteristics depends on the parameters of the light field. In a strong field a velocity selective coherent population trapping effect is observed.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/951/1/012004

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The work is devoted to the study of the features and parameters of the momentum distributions of atoms laser cooled on weak optical transitions. It was shown that atoms distributions are described by a bimodal momentum distribution whose characteristics depends on the parameters of the light field. In a strong field a velocity selective coherent population trapping effect is observed.
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We show theoretically that velocity-selective coherent population trapping in one dimension may be realized in atomic transitions other than Jg = 1 ↔ Je = 1. The atomic momentum distribution resulting from irradiation by counterpropagating σ+–σ− waves on the Jg = 3/2 ↔ Je = 1/2 and the Jg = 2 ↔ Je = 1 atomic transitions is investigated through solution of the optical Bloch equations and determination of the effective loss rates for atomic eigenstates. An inverted-W atomic level configuration is also used to investigate the features of velocity-selective coherent population trapping. The momentum distribution exhibits peaks at the ±ħk or the ±ħ2k and the 0 momenta, depending on the atomic transitions and the laser intensity. These structures, generated by atomic states that do not interact with the laser radiation, are stable when associated with eigenstates of the kinetic energy, or metastables; i.e., the structures last several hundred spontaneous lifetimes when generated by nonexact kinetic-energy eigenstates.
Laser cooling based on velocity-selective coherent population trapping is investigated theoretically. Quasiclassical treatment is used to identify the conditions for optimal cooling and to study the dynamics of the cooling process in detail. For different cooling schemes we give the analytical expressions for the temperature of the cold atoms, which can be much lower than the Doppler cooling limit. The effect of the degree of incompleteness of coherent population trapping on dynamics and the limits of laser cooling are revealed.