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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Deep laser cooling of strontium atoms on1S0→3P0transition

R. Ya. Ilenkov, А. В. Тайченачев, Valeriy I. Yudin, Прудников Олег Николаевич

Published Jan 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Momentum distributions of strontium atoms are characterized by means of bimodal functional dependences, which properties depend on the laser field parameters. It is shown that ultracold fraction of atoms (T ≤ hγ/k B ) can reach 60 %. The calculations are based on the quantum treatment of the problem with taking into account the recoil effect in full. The results can be used for ultradeep laser cooling of strontium atoms.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/793/1/012011

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Journal of Physics Conference Series•Jan 1, 2018•0 citations
Momentum distributions of strontium atoms are characterized by means of bimodal functional dependences, which properties depend on the laser field parameters. It is shown that ultracold fraction of atoms (T ≤ hγ/k B ) can reach 60 %. The calculations are based on the quantum treatment of the problem with taking into account the recoil effect in full. The results can be used for ultradeep laser cooling of strontium atoms.
We study laser cooling of atoms with narrow-line optical transition, i.e. in regimes when quantum nature of laser-light interactions results significant effect on atom kinetics. We demonstrate the minimum of laser cooing temperature is reached for the light field detuning close to -3 recoil frequency, i.e. is much differ from standard Doppler cooling theory is used for semiclassical description of laser cooling. We define a set of dimensionless parameters that describe the steady state solution of cold atom distribution in laser light and cooling time. The results can be used for analysis an optimal conditions of laser cooling of atoms with narrow lines Ca, Sr and Mg are of interest for optical time standards.
Summary form only given. All-optical production of quantum degenerate atomic gases has been one of the long-standing targets in laser cooling. We report a novel approach towards this direction based on a narrow-line laser cooling for strontium atoms. By employing two transitions with markedly different dipole moments, i.e., the allowed /sup 1/S/sub 0/-/sup 1/P/sub 1/ (/spl lambda/=461 nm, /spl gamma/=2/spl pi//spl times/32 MHz) and the spin-forbidden /sup 1/S/sub 0/-/sup 3/P/sub 1/ (/spl lambda/=689 nm, /spl gamma/=2/spl pi//spl times/7.6 kHz) transition, thermal strontium atoms were Doppler-cooled down to 400 nK or the photon recoil temperature, in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). Presents the corresponding energy levels for cooling and trapping. The use of a narrow spin-forbidden transition successfully reduced the radiation trapping effects at a high atom density over 10/sup 12//cm/sup 3/, thus enabling us to attain the hitherto high phase space density of 0.01 in a MOT.
Based on the numerical solution of the quantum kinetic equation for the atomic density matrix, which makes it possible to accurately take into account the recoil effects in the interaction of atoms with field photons, we have studied the limits of laser cooling of atoms using closed optical transitions characterised by different recoil parameters (the ratio of the recoil energy to the natural linewidth). It is shown that for optical transitions with an insufficiently small recoil parameter, the polarisation effects, which lead to the possibility of sub-Doppler laser cooling, lose their efficiency and do not ensure an attainment of the temperature below the Doppler limit. The analysis performed allows one to outline the boundaries of the sub-Doppler theory of laser cooling of atoms.
We study a possibility of laser cooling of 24 Mg atoms in deep optical lattice formed by intense off-resonant laser field in a presence of cooling field resonant to narrow (3 s 3 s ) 1 S 0 → (3 s 3 p ) 3 P 1 (λ = 457 nm) optical transition. For description of laser cooling with taking into account quantum recoil effects we consider two quantum models. The first one is based on direct numerical solution of quantum kinetic equation for atom density matrix and the second one is simplified model based on decomposition of atom density matrix over vibration states in the lattice wells. We search cooling field intensity and detuning for minimum cooling energy and fast laser cooling.