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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

Nonreciprocal Optical Dissipation Based on Direction-Dependent Rabi Splitting

Yu Shi, Qian Lin, Momchil Minkov, Shanhui Fan

Published Mar 9, 2018• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider a ring resonator with two resonant modes undergoing dynamic modulation. Using the Floquet analysis, we show that with a proper choice of modulation profile, such a resonator can achieve a direction-dependent Rabi splitting of its Floquet eigenstates, which results in direction-dependent dissipation and nonreciprocal transmission for waves. We numerically demonstrate this nonreciprocal effect and show that a realistic refractive index modulation of the ring can result in significant transmission in one direction and near complete dissipation in.

DOI
10.1109/jstqe.2018.2814792

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We consider a ring resonator with two resonant modes undergoing dynamic modulation. Using the Floquet analysis, we show that with a proper choice of modulation profile, such a resonator can achieve a direction-dependent Rabi splitting of its Floquet eigenstates, which results in direction-dependent dissipation and nonreciprocal transmission for waves. We numerically demonstrate this nonreciprocal effect and show that a realistic refractive index modulation of the ring can result in significant transmission in one direction and near complete dissipation in.
A nonreciprocal ring optical resonator with the simplest type of nonuniformity in the form of two interacting scatterers is considered. A boundary problem of a periodic type allowing one to write the characteristic equation for determining eigenfrequencies is formulated. Analytic expressions for eigenfrequencies and the distribution coefficient of travelling waves in the mode are derived under the assumption of relative smallness of the reflection coefficient and the nonreciprocity parameter. The peculiarities of splitting these frequencies and the structure of the eigenfrequencies (resonator modes) corresponding to them are discussed.
In this work we propose and theoretically characterize optical isolators consisting of an all-dielectric and nonmagnetic resonator featuring an intensity-dependent refractive index and a strong coherent field propagating in a single direction. Such devices can be straightforwardly realized in state-of-the-art integrated photonics platforms. The mechanism underlying optical isolation is based on the breaking of optical reciprocity induced by the asymmetric action of four-wave mixing processes coupling a strong propagating pump field with copropagating signal and idler modes but not with reverse-propagating ones. Taking advantage of a close analogy with fluids of light, our proposed isolation mechanism is physically understood in terms of the Bogoliubov dispersion of collective excitations on top of the strong pump beam. A few most relevant setups realizing our proposal are specifically investigated, such as a coherently illuminated passive ring resonator and unidirectionally lasing ring or Taiji resonators.
The mutual interaction of counterpropagating waves in a ring resonator containing a medium with second-order dispersive nonlinearity is studied. The theoretical treatment of nonreciprocal propagation is based upon the novel coupling of counterpropagating and mode-locked first- and second-harmonic waves. The experimentally observed transfer characteristics of a high-frequency model system reveal a directionally asymmetric bistability. This nonreciprocity can also be attributed in the time domain to the occurrence of dissipative structures, i.e., to solitons traveling within the resonator.
In our recent research1, it was suggested that counter-propagating laser beams in a Kerr-nonlinear medium can induce intensity-dependent nonreciprocity which consists in different changes of refractive indecies for both of the waves. Under some conditions, this can result in such directionally asymmetrical effects as (i) directional bistability in a nonlinear ring resonator which allows one to switch the direction of propagation of a dominant mode and (ii) enhancement of the Sagnac effect in a rotating ring resonator.
In this paper, we propose a scheme to theoretically study the optical nonreciprocal transmission in a hybrid system consisting of a spinning resonator and a three-level atom driven by a strong classical field. The research results show that interaction between atom and cavity modes brings about the multiple transmission bands. When the resonator rotates at a certain speed, nonreciprocal transmission occurs in multiple frequency bands. Moreover, by adjusting some parameters, such as Sagnac–Fizeau shift, Rabi frequency, coupling strengths between atom and cavity modes, as well as coupling strength between two cavity modes, the positions and widths of nonreciprocal transmission bands can be controlled effectively.
Nonreciprocal transmission device is one of the fundamental elements in integrated optics, and mid-infrared is a widely used waveband in many areas, such as remote sensing or spectrum analysis. An all-optical diode based on self-phase modulation (SPM) effect is numerically demonstrated in mid-infrared waveband. The diode consists of a linear waveguide and double silicon ring resonators. The nonreciprocal transmission ratio can be more than 20 dB in a power range between 0.5 mW and 20 mW, while the transmission loss in forward direction is less than 10 dB. Moreover, the influences of linear absorption coefficient of ring resonators and the bi-stability effect on the performance of the diode are discussed.