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International Journal of Quantum Information

Generation of quasi-single-mode twin-beam states in the high-intensity domain

Alessia Allevi, Giovanni Chesi, Maria Bondani

Published Dec 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Single-mode quantum optical states represent an interesting resource for the implementation of quantum information protocols. Here, we address the generation of twin-beam (TWB) states characterized by a quasi-single-mode thermal statistics. In more detail, the selection procedure leading to single-mode states is achieved with a strong filtering applied to intense TWBs generated in a single crystal by parametric downconversion. We investigate the role of pump power in the production of the single-mode states and compare the results obtained with nonlinear crystals having different lengths.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749917400214

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Single-mode quantum optical states represent an interesting resource for the implementation of quantum information protocols. Here, we address the generation of twin-beam (TWB) states characterized by a quasi-single-mode thermal statistics. In more detail, the selection procedure leading to single-mode states is achieved with a strong filtering applied to intense TWBs generated in a single crystal by parametric downconversion. We investigate the role of pump power in the production of the single-mode states and compare the results obtained with nonlinear crystals having different lengths.
We present an experimental investigation of the spatio-spectral coherence properties of bright twin-beam states (TWBs) as functions of different parameters, such as pump mean power and tuning angle of the employed nonlinear crystal. Our attention is mainly focused on the possible relations among the different quantities under investigation. Particular attention is devoted to the evolution of the number of spatio-spectral modes describing the radiation field, as it represents an interesting property to be controlled in view of possible applications to quantum state engineering protocols.
Abstract Properties of intense twin beams generated in parametric down-conversion in periodically poled LiNbO3 crystals and their chirped variants by intense pump fields are analyzed along the model of intense parametric down-conversion that allows for pump depletion and uses the dual spatio-spectral Schmidt modes. Spectral and spatial intensity auto- and cross-correlation functions are determined as they depend on the pump power. Temporal correlations in intense twin beams at the fs time scale are investigated using the Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer and the process of sum-frequency generation.
It has been known for a while that coherent high-intensity photon number eigenstate fields can be generated through nonlinear optical parametric processes,1 the same ones that give rise to quadrature squeezing.2,3 In contrast to quadrature squeezing which is essentially a single-mode phenomenon, although it is widely misunderstood that it is a two-mode phenomenon, the generation of single-mode number states through three- or four-wave mixing depends on two separate signal and idler modes that are perfectly correlated in photon numbers, in other words a twin beam. The nature of such twin beams is elucidated in both the Schrodinger and the Heisenberg pictures. In particular, it is shown that strong photon number correlation in a twin beam can still be obtained in an amplifier rather than an oscillator configuration, another widely missed point.
The signal and idler beams from a non-degenerate, above threshold, optical parametric oscillator have a strong quantum correlation, which are called twin beams. This correlation arises from the simultaneous generation of the signal and idler photons in the form of twin pairs of photons through the parametric down conversion, and the generated twin beams have exactly the same photon statistics. As a result, the fluctuations on the difference between the intensities of the twin beams are reduced with respect to the shot noise limit, that is, intensity-difference squeezing. We give a comprehensive overview of the generation of twin beams using the optical parametric oscillator, and the applications exploiting the quantum correlation of twin beams are presented.