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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Pump–probe and Four-wave Mixing Spectra Arising from Recoil-induced Resonance in an Operating Cesium Magneto-Optical Trap

Zhonghua Ji, Hongshan Zhang, Dianqiang Su, Yanting Zhao, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia

Published Dec 27, 2017• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present experimental observation of recoil-induced resonance (RIR) in an operating cesium magneto-optical trap (MOT) by both pump–probe absorption and four-wave mixing spectra simultaneously. We investigate the dependence of amplitudes of these two spectra on pump beam intensity and frequency. The measurement results agree well with the recoil-induced theory with modifications of Raman transition effect and atomic number. The systematical study on RIR spectra is meaningful for the diagnostic measurement of cold atoms in an operating MOT.

DOI
10.7566/jpsj.87.024301

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We present experimental observation of recoil-induced resonance (RIR) in an operating cesium magneto-optical trap (MOT) by both pump–probe absorption and four-wave mixing spectra simultaneously. We investigate the dependence of amplitudes of these two spectra on pump beam intensity and frequency. The measurement results agree well with the recoil-induced theory with modifications of Raman transition effect and atomic number. The systematical study on RIR spectra is meaningful for the diagnostic measurement of cold atoms in an operating MOT.
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Recoil-induced resonances (RIR) can be detected in experiments involving light-atom interaction where atomic external degrees of freedom play an important role. In pump-probe experiments the recoil of atoms due to absorption and emission of radiation is responsible for the amplification and attenuation of the probe beam under certain circumstances, resulting in a disperse and narrow (of the order of 10 kHz) feature in the spectrum of the probe beam. Backward four-wave mixing (BFWM) signals, via recoil-induced resonances, using cold atoms as nonlinear medium were also extensively studied during the past years. In this work it will be presented a systematic study of forward four-wave mixing (FFWM) via RIR. It will be also presented a simple theoretical model that allowed us to predict the lineshapes of the observed signals and to better understand the phenomenon studied. The model is also compared with results that are already known in order to verify its validity and predict the possibility of measure the velocity distribution of the atomic cloud in a future experiment.
In this work, we perform a detailed theoretical and experimental investigation of an atomic memory based on recoil-induced resonance in cold cesium atoms. We consider the interaction of nearly degenerate pump and probe beams with an ensemble of two-level atoms. A full theoretical density matrix calculation in the extended Hilbert space of the internal and external atomic degrees of freedom allows us to obtain, from first principles, the transient and stationary responses determining the probe transmission and the forward four-wave-mixing spectra. These two signals are generated together at the same order of perturbation with respect to the intensities of pump and probe beams. Moreover, we have investigated the storage of optical information on the spatial modes of light beams in the atomic external degrees of freedom, which provided a simple interpretation for the previously reported nonvolatile character of this memory. The retrieved signals after storage reveal the equivalent role of probe transmission and four-wave mixing, as the two signals have similar amplitudes. Probe transmission and forward four-wave-mixing spectra were then experimentally measured for both continuous excitation and after storage. The experimental observations are in good agreement with the developed theory, and they open another pathway for the reversible exchange of optical information with atomic systems.
In this paper we report an experiment on the observation of the recoil-induced resonances (RIR) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) of cold 87Rb^{87}\text{R}\text{b}87Rb atoms in diffuse light. The pump light of the RIR and the EIA comes from the diffuse light in an integrating sphere, which also serves the cooling light. We measured the RIR and the EIA signal varying with the detuning of the diffuse laser light, and also measured the number and the temperature of the cold atoms at the different detunings. The mechanism of RIR and EIA in the configuration with diffuse-light pumping and laser probing are discussed, and the difference between the nonlinear spectra of cold atoms in a diffuse-light cooling system and in a magneto-optical trap is studied.