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Victoria Equation the Dark Side of the Electron.

Javier Silvestre

Published Dec 1, 2017• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Following postulates focus application on atomic electrons which, by balancing and swinging of electronic extremes around pivot or initial position, achieve electron cloud with specific positions and momentums and always maintaining initial energy with electronic extremes energy sum (equi-energetic state or ES). First Victoria Equation applications serve to make an initial approximation to atomic radius, to show 2 electronics extremes radial distribution from which velocities and momentums are derived, as well as to know nuclear radius distance and energy of both electronic extremes as function of parameter called birth wavelength division.

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This is last article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end).CPOTI-AL-d→∞ evolution with Z is carried out in this article where CPOTIAL-d→∞ is CPOTI anular limit when d→∞ and Z is atomic number. ain axis is CPOTI-ALd→∞ for 1s electron and relativistic relation existence that can justify its behaviour. Two final acts present so-called matter surprise and relation of remaining OES with initial OES for all: 1s OES. OES (origin electronic system) are all ns electrons and origin of all is 1s [1,12]

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Bohr model coupled with Victoria Theory proposes that electron is separated into electronic extremes, achieving currently accepted electronic cloud, geometry and probability. Toyi mechanism is centred on movements of electronic extremes (orbital and spin).

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The most simple atom is hydrogen consisting of a positive proton at the center, and one negative electron swarming around it. While the proton is concentrated at the center, the electron swarms in a pattern that depends on its total energy, and its angular momentum. In the lowest energy state of the hydrogen atom, the shape of the pattern is simply a sphere, but in higher energy states the pattern resembles a dumbbell, or a three-dimensional cloverleaf. For atoms with more than one electron, each electron has its own pattern, or state. The fundamental postulate that determines the behavior of atomic electrons is that of de Broglie (1924). This states that an electron of mass, m , and velocity, υ, and therefore with momentum, p = m υ, has a wavelength, λ, associated with it that is given by λ = h / p , where h is Planck's constant. If T = m υ 2 / 2 is the kinetic energy, then the expression for the wavelength can also be written λ = hm / 2 T , so the wavelength depends inversely on the kinetic energy. Thus short wavelengths mean high energies and vice versa. Initially, this seemed to be a rather arbitrary proposal, but it has been verified by many, and differing, experiments, and has led to vast numbers of quantitatively precise interpretations of phenomena.

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Bohr atomic model is developed with electronic extremes of Victoria Theory. Toyi mechanism is focused on explaining orbital angular and spin movement of electronic extremes. This article summarizes first part of Toyi Mechanism and then proceeds with individualized explanation of angular momentum for all orbitals (named as Fluyiep Explanation). Finally, paper concludes with fundamental relations between angular momentum of all orbitals.

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The existence of line spectra can be explained bymeans of the first “quantum”model of the atom, developed by Bohr in 1913. Although the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom was eventually replaced, it yields the correct values for the observed spectral lines, and gives a substantial insight into the structure of atoms in general. The following derivation has the objective of obtaining the energy levels of the Bohr atom. If we can obtain the energy levels, we can reproduce the hydrogen atom spectra. The derivation proceeds with three major elements: first, use force balance to relate the velocity to the radius of the electron orbit, then use a quantum assumption to get the radius, then solve for the energies.

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04 Feliz II the Prudent: Probability Radial Closure with High Order Variable CF

Javier Silvestre

Electronic extreme Probability (Pi) as orbital turn time [3] is obtained with its orbital circumference (ci) [2] divided by its velocity (vi) [1]. Regardless of PEP, whether 1 for 1s Hydrogen or 2 for rest, is verified that First Feliz Solution and its variable CF with first-order approximation changes monotonous PA increase when rA increases [3]. Probability radial closure objective is achieved by using Second Feliz Solution with high order variable CF (Theoretically to order infinite). Second Feliz Solution factors importance is studied and its relationship with d, division in which electronic extreme is found, is checked. As consequence, variable CF behaviour differs to division near 1, intermediate and high. This is 4th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation

•Dec 1, 2017•0 citations
Following postulates focus application on atomic electrons which, by balancing and swinging of electronic extremes around pivot or initial position, achieve electron cloud with specific positions and momentums and always maintaining initial energy with electronic extremes energy sum (equi-energetic state or ES). First Victoria Equation applications serve to make an initial approximation to atomic radius, to show 2 electronics extremes radial distribution from which velocities and momentums are derived, as well as to know nuclear radius distance and energy of both electronic extremes as function of parameter called birth wavelength division.
This is last article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end).CPOTI-AL-d→∞ evolution with Z is carried out in this article where CPOTIAL-d→∞ is CPOTI anular limit when d→∞ and Z is atomic number. ain axis is CPOTI-ALd→∞ for 1s electron and relativistic relation existence that can justify its behaviour. Two final acts present so-called matter surprise and relation of remaining OES with initial OES for all: 1s OES. OES (origin electronic system) are all ns electrons and origin of all is 1s [1,12]
The most simple atom is hydrogen consisting of a positive proton at the center, and one negative electron swarming around it. While the proton is concentrated at the center, the electron swarms in a pattern that depends on its total energy, and its angular momentum. In the lowest energy state of the hydrogen atom, the shape of the pattern is simply a sphere, but in higher energy states the pattern resembles a dumbbell, or a three-dimensional cloverleaf. For atoms with more than one electron, each electron has its own pattern, or state. The fundamental postulate that determines the behavior of atomic electrons is that of de Broglie (1924). This states that an electron of mass, m , and velocity, υ, and therefore with momentum, p = m υ, has a wavelength, λ, associated with it that is given by λ = h / p , where h is Planck's constant. If T = m υ 2 / 2 is the kinetic energy, then the expression for the wavelength can also be written λ = hm / 2 T , so the wavelength depends inversely on the kinetic energy. Thus short wavelengths mean high energies and vice versa. Initially, this seemed to be a rather arbitrary proposal, but it has been verified by many, and differing, experiments, and has led to vast numbers of quantitatively precise interpretations of phenomena.
The existence of line spectra can be explained bymeans of the first “quantum”model of the atom, developed by Bohr in 1913. Although the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom was eventually replaced, it yields the correct values for the observed spectral lines, and gives a substantial insight into the structure of atoms in general. The following derivation has the objective of obtaining the energy levels of the Bohr atom. If we can obtain the energy levels, we can reproduce the hydrogen atom spectra. The derivation proceeds with three major elements: first, use force balance to relate the velocity to the radius of the electron orbit, then use a quantum assumption to get the radius, then solve for the energies.
Electronic extreme Probability (Pi) as orbital turn time [3] is obtained with its orbital circumference (ci) [2] divided by its velocity (vi) [1]. Regardless of PEP, whether 1 for 1s Hydrogen or 2 for rest, is verified that First Feliz Solution and its variable CF with first-order approximation changes monotonous PA increase when rA increases [3]. Probability radial closure objective is achieved by using Second Feliz Solution with high order variable CF (Theoretically to order infinite). Second Feliz Solution factors importance is studied and its relationship with d, division in which electronic extreme is found, is checked. As consequence, variable CF behaviour differs to division near 1, intermediate and high. This is 4th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation