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EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking

Joint distributed beamforming and jamming schemes in decode-and-forward relay networks for physical layer secrecy

Chengmin Gu, Chao Zhang

Published Dec 1, 2017• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we propose joint cooperative beamforming and jamming schemes in decode-and-forward (DF) relay networks for physical layer secrecy. In DF relay networks, only the relays decoding the message from the source correctly have to join in the forwarding phase and the relays with decoding error are not utilized sufficiently. Taking this property into consideration, we let the relays decoding successfully transmit information signals and the relays decoding in error transmit jamming signal to improve the secrecy capacity of system. For this purpose, we design a bi-level optimization algorithm to search the optimal beamforming vector and jamming vector for the relays via the semi-definite relaxation (SDR). In addition, for balancing the cost of system and secrecy performance, we also study some suboptimal schemes to improve information secrecy. Finally, the simulation results show that the optimal scheme outperforms all other simulated schemes and the suboptimal schemes achieve good tradeoff between secrecy performance and computational complexity.

DOI
10.1186/s13638-017-0997-x

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In this paper, we propose a joint distributed beamforming and jamming scheme in decode-and-forward (DF) relay networks to physical layer secrecy. Considering the special property of DF relay networks, where only the relays decoding the message from source correctly have to join in the forwarding phase, we let the relays decoding successfully perform distributed beamforming to transmit information signals and the left relays decoding in error transmit jamming signals to improve the system secrecy capacity. For this purpose, we design a CVX toolbox based bi-level optimization algorithm to search the optimal beamforming vector and jamming vector for the relays via the semi-definite relaxation (SDR). Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms existing secrecy schemes in DF relay networks.
In this paper, we study robust joint beamforming and cooperative jamming (CJ) in a secure decode-and-forward (DF) relay system in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers, in which a multi-antenna DF relay employs transmit beamforming to help the source deliver information to the destination and simultaneously generates Gaussian artificial noise to confuse these eavesdroppers. We assume that all the channel state information (CSI) is imperfectly known at the relay subject to norm-bounded CSI errors. Our objective is to maximize the achievable secrecy rate at the destination by jointly optimizing the transmit beamforming vector of information signals and the covariance matrix of jamming signals at the relay subject to its total transmit power constraint. Although this problem is non-convex and in general difficult to be solved, we obtain its optimal solution via the technique of semi-definite relaxation (SDR) together with a one-dimensional (1-D) search. Specifically, we prove that the SDR is tight for the problem of our interest. Finally, numerical results are provided to validate our proposed scheme.
This paper proposes a new joint cooperative beamforming and jamming (JCBJ) scheme for improving the physical layer security of decode-and-forward wireless networks where a source node transmits to its destination with the aid of multiple intermediate nodes in the presence of an eavesdropper. In the proposed JCBJ scheme, we select the intermediate nodes succeeding in source decoding as the relays to forward the source transmission simultaneously by employing a beamforming weight vector, and meanwhile, use the remaining ones as the friendly jammers to disturb the eavesdropper by sending artificial noise. In order to achieve the secrecy rate maximum, we further study on the power allocation among the source, relays, and jammers under two assumptions of the wiretap link's channel state information. We derive the closed-form optimal solutions by first allocating the transmit power at the source within different ranges to consider all the possible relay selection schemes in which different numbers of relays are employed, and then transforming the multivariable power allocation problem to a set of single-variable optimization subproblems. Our numerical results show the superiority of the proposed JCBJ scheme and the proposed power allocation strategies.
A distributed wireless network with one source, one destination, one eavesdropper and multiple Decode-and-Forward (DF) relays is considered. A two-slot cooperative relaying scheme is proposed, in which relays help the source transmit to the destination while keeping the message as secret as possible from the eavesdropper. In the first slot, the source transmits a weighted combination of the information bearing signal and a noise signal. At the same time, the destination cooperates with the source in transmitting a noise signal with the purpose of confounding the eavesdropper. In the second slot, the `best' relay cooperates with the source to send a jamming signal along the null space of the destination channel. Optimal relay selection and also optimal power allocation among the first/second slot data signal and jamming noise is proposed. With the proposed transmission scheme, the system secrecy rate is shown to outperform the methods in literature and always benefits from increasing total power and larger number of relays.
In this paper, we examine the physical layer security for cooperative wireless networks with multiple intermediate nodes, where the decode-and-forward (DF) protocol is considered. We propose a new joint cooperative beamforming and jamming (JCBJ) scheme to protect wireless communication against eavesdropping, where the intermediate nodes which successfully decode the source signal are selected as the relays for simultaneously forwarding the source signal by employing a weight vector, and meanwhile, the others are used to act as the friendly jammers for broadcasting artificial noise to disturb the eavesdropper. We further investigate the optimal power allocation among the source, relays and friendly jammers for maximizing the secrecy rate of the proposed JCBJ scheme and derive a closed-form sub-optimal solution. Simulation results show that the proposed JCBJ scheme achieves obviously higher secrecy rate than the conventional generalized singular-value-decomposition (GSVD) based beamforming and pure jamming schemes. Additionally, the proposed optimal power allocation scheme performs much better than the equal power allocation scheme in terms of secrecy rate.
In this work, physical layer secure transmission of a cooperative wireless communication system over a three-phase amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relaying channels is studied. A cooperative jamming and multi-antenna relay beamforming scheme that improves physical layer security of the system is proposed. Specifically, it is suggested that in the first and second timeslots when the legitimate users transmit alternatively, a jamming signal can be transmitted by the legitimate party that is not transmitting information-bearing signals This scheme, compared with the approach using a dedicated jammer, achieves a similar jamming effect with reduced complexity. In the third time slot of the protocol, the relay uses two beamforming matrices to process the bidirectional information signals. The jamming signal components at the relay are projected onto the null space of the legitimate relay-destination channels such that they do not affect legitimate communications. Through joint optimization, the sum throughput of the legitimate communication is maximized. In the numerical examples, the proposed scheme is shown to improve the system's secrecy transmission performance.