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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Quantum state engineering with single atom laser

V. Stefanov

Published Nov 1, 2017• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

On the basis of quantum stochastic trajectories approach it is shown that a single atom laser with coherent pumping can generate not only coherent states, but squeezed and Fock states, when different schemes of detection are followed by coherent feedback pulses or feedforward actions.
DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/917/6/062020

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We present a quantum control scheme in which two different feedback methods are combined to produce a stable single mode atom laser. A difficulty of producing an atom laser comes from the nonlinear effect of Bose-Einstein Condensates which is described by Gross-Pitaevskii type of equations. One feedback method is used to eliminate the nonlinear effect of atom-atom interactions. Another difficulty comes from nonlinear interactions with an optical field which is introduced to detect the BEC state for feedback. The other feedback method is used to suppress fluctuations due to this interaction and keep the coherent properties of the atom laser.
A proof is given using, a quantized single mode field in interaction with an atom in non-relativistic approximation, that the scattered light in strong laser–atom interaction can be made coherent to squeezed by properly choosing the wavelength of the laser, the density of the sample of atoms at the laser beam and the pulse duration. In the experiments with gases for harmonic generation, at the current laser wavelengths this effect is too small to be observed and the term of the square of the field in the Hamiltonian can be safely neglected. Then, the observed light is purely coherent.
A proof is given using, a quantized single mode field in interaction with an atom in non-relativistic approximation, that the scattered light in strong laser–atom interaction can be made coherent to squeezed by properly choosing the wavelength of the laser, the density of the sample of atoms at the laser beam and the pulse duration. In the experiments with gases for harmonic generation, at the current laser wavelengths this effect is too small to be observed and the term of the square of the field in the Hamiltonian can be safely neglected. Then, the observed light is purely coherent.
The authors demonstrate the effect of atomic coherence on the generic example of two lossless micromasers coupled in series by a common pump beam of excited two-level atoms. The fields are studied via conditional measurements on the final state of the atoms. They consider the two simplest sequences: in the energy preserving (transferring) scheme they require each atom to be detected in its upper (lower) state. Due to the two paths that the atoms can follow to reach the same final state correlation between the two macroscopically separated fields can arise. The authors discuss a scheme which leads to the generation of entangled trapping states of the two fields of the form, mod n,n+M)+or- mod n+M,n), starting from number states mod n, n). Starting from initial coherent states arbitrary steady-state superpositions of the two fields can be generated by switching from the energy transferring to the preserving scheme at an optimum number of atoms. In the absence of dissipations, both methods can produce steady-state coherent superpositions of arbitrary number states of two macroscopically separated fields (nonlocal 'Schrodinger-cats'). A scheme is discussed where entanglement can be transferred from the fields to two atomic beams. Finally, the authors briefly discuss the effect of injected atomic coherence on lasers.
A scheme for preparation of coherent superposition of Fock states of electromagnetic field is constructed. The superposition state is created inside the cavity via a strong interaction of a four-level atom with quantum field of the cavity and classic laser fields. We demonstrate the possibility to create desired arbitrary superposition of the cavity Fock states just by changing the relative delay of the fields. Then, as another application of our model, we study a means of creating entanglement of neutral four-level atoms using different sequences of interactions with the cavity and laser fields.