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Journal of Modern Optics

Generating squeezed states by strong laser-atom interaction

Marco Frasca

Published Oct 15, 2000• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A proof is given using, a quantized single mode field in interaction with an atom in non-relativistic approximation, that the scattered light in strong laser–atom interaction can be made coherent to squeezed by properly choosing the wavelength of the laser, the density of the sample of atoms at the laser beam and the pulse duration. In the experiments with gases for harmonic generation, at the current laser wavelengths this effect is too small to be observed and the term of the square of the field in the Hamiltonian can be safely neglected. Then, the observed light is purely coherent.

DOI
10.1080/095003400419915

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A proof is given using, a quantized single mode field in interaction with an atom in non-relativistic approximation, that the scattered light in strong laser–atom interaction can be made coherent to squeezed by properly choosing the wavelength of the laser, the density of the sample of atoms at the laser beam and the pulse duration. In the experiments with gases for harmonic generation, at the current laser wavelengths this effect is too small to be observed and the term of the square of the field in the Hamiltonian can be safely neglected. Then, the observed light is purely coherent.
A proof is given using, a quantized single mode field in interaction with an atom in non-relativistic approximation, that the scattered light in strong laser–atom interaction can be made coherent to squeezed by properly choosing the wavelength of the laser, the density of the sample of atoms at the laser beam and the pulse duration. In the experiments with gases for harmonic generation, at the current laser wavelengths this effect is too small to be observed and the term of the square of the field in the Hamiltonian can be safely neglected. Then, the observed light is purely coherent.
Squeezed optical fields are a powerful resource for a variety of investigations in basic research and technology. However, the generation of intense squeezed light is challenging. Here, we show that intense squeezed light can be produced using strongly laser driven atoms and the so far unrelated process of high harmonic generation. We demonstrate that when the intensity of the driving field significantly depletes the ground state of the atoms, leading to dipole moment correlations, the quantum state of the driving field and the generated high harmonics are entangled and squeezed. Furthermore, we analyze how the resulting quadrature squeezing of the fundamental laser mode after the interaction can be controlled. The findings open the way for the generation of high intensity squeezed light states for a wide range of applications.
In recent years, strong-field processes such as high-order harmonic generation (HHG) and above-threshold ionization driven by nonclassical states of light have become an increasingly popular field of study. The theoretical modeling of these processes often applies an approximate phase-space expansion of the nonclassical driving field in terms of coherent states, which has been shown to accurately predict the harmonic spectrum. However, its accuracy for the computation of quantum optical observables like the degree of squeezing and photon statistics has not been thoroughly considered. In this work, we introduce this approximative phase-space description and discuss its accuracy, and we find that it mischaracterizes the quantum optical properties of the driving laser by making it an incoherent mixture of classical states. We further show that this error in the driving field description maps onto the light emitted from HHG, as neither sub-Poissonian photon statistics nor quadrature squeezing below vacuum fluctuations can be captured by the approximative phase-space description. Lastly, to benchmark the approximative phase-space description, we consider the quantum HHG from a one-band model, which yields an exact analytical solution. Using the approximative phase-space representation with this specific model, we find a small quantitative error in the quadrature variance of the emitted field that scales with pulse duration and emitter density. Our results show that using this approximative phase-space description can mischaracterize quantum optical observables. Attributing physical meaning to such results should therefore be accompanied by a quantitative analysis of the error.