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Chinese Physics B

Combination of multiple tools for surface manipulation of polar molecules

Wang Qiang, Bin Wei, Hengjiao Guo, Shengqiang Li, Shunyong Hou, Jianping Yin

Published Oct 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A scheme of surface manipulation and control of polar molecules is proposed, which combines three tools of electrostatic velocity filtering, bunching, and storing. In the scheme, a slow molecular beam is produced from an effusive beam by surface velocity filtering. Then the velocity spread of the slow molecular beam is compressed by a buncher consisting of a series of electrodes. Following that the molecular beam with a narrow velocity spread is stored in a storage ring. Using ND 3 molecule as a tester, the feasibility of our scheme is analyzed theoretically and verified via numerical simulations that cover all three manipulation processes. The results show that cold molecular samples can be prepared from a thermal gas reservoir and stored in the storage ring with more than 10 round trips. Our combined scheme facilitates the production and manipulation of polar molecules, offering new opportunities for basic research and intriguing applications such as quantum information science and cold collisions.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/26/11/113701

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A scheme of surface manipulation and control of polar molecules is proposed, which combines three tools of electrostatic velocity filtering, bunching, and storing. In the scheme, a slow molecular beam is produced from an effusive beam by surface velocity filtering. Then the velocity spread of the slow molecular beam is compressed by a buncher consisting of a series of electrodes. Following that the molecular beam with a narrow velocity spread is stored in a storage ring. Using ND 3 molecule as a tester, the feasibility of our scheme is analyzed theoretically and verified via numerical simulations that cover all three manipulation processes. The results show that cold molecular samples can be prepared from a thermal gas reservoir and stored in the storage ring with more than 10 round trips. Our combined scheme facilitates the production and manipulation of polar molecules, offering new opportunities for basic research and intriguing applications such as quantum information science and cold collisions.
In order to meet the demands for laser manipulations and detection of cold molecules, we propose an optically accessible and controllable electrostatic surface storage ring for cold polar molecules on a chip, which is one based on extension and application of the three-wire surface guiding scheme [J. Opt. Soc. Am. B25, 1214 (2008)]. To our knowledge, this is the first real surface storage ring scheme. The spatial distribution of the electrostatic fields generated by two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate is numerically calculated. Relationships between the height of the trap center above the surface and the setup parameters are analyzed in detail. Using OH radical molecules as a tester, the range of molecular velocities that the storage ring can confine is investigated. The dynamical process of weak-field-seeking OH molecules of state |J,KM〉=|3/2,−9/4〉 being loaded into and confined in the storage ring is studied using Monte Carlo simulations. Dependencies of translational temperature of molecules and their trapping efficiency in the storage ring on parameters of the setup and the initial molecular beam are examined. By incorporating a bunching function into our scheme, the number of round trips a trapped molecular packet makes can be improved by almost three times before getting spread out to fill the whole storage ring, as confirmed by numerical simulations.
We propose a scheme of a surface electrostatic velocity filter capable of preparing cold polar molecules on the surface of a substrate by selecting a low-velocity component of an effusive beam from a thermal gas reservoir. Using ND3 as a molecular sample, the dependence of the performance of the filter on the parameters of both the filter setup and the incident molecular beam is investigated by using a theoretical model and Monte Carlo simulations. A detailed study of the guiding process of molecules, including the evolution of phase space density of the packet in the filter, is carried out and shows that the beam selection process is mainly completed in the front part of the filter.
Cold molecules are desired in a wide range of research areas, like precision measurement of physical constants, high-resolution spectroscopy, and cold collisions. Scientific interest in the generation and manipulation of cold molecules has been strong for decades. Here we theoretically investigate the dynamics of an optoelectrostatic storage ring for polar molecules, which is composed of an orbiting laser beam and an electrostatic quadrupole ring. The potentials of water molecules experienced in the combined optical and electrical fields are first calculated and a three-dimensional (3D) hybrid potential well for molecules of interest is formed in the focus spot of the red-detuned laser beam. The behavior of motional water molecules under the influence of the decelerating hybrid potential well is then investigated. Later, the deceleration and trapping processes of water molecules from supersonic expansion in the hybrid potential well are numerically simulated and corresponding results are presented. Our study indicates that this optoelectrostatic storage ring, featuring a 3D potential well of controllable orbiting speed, can serve as a good platform for production and manipulation of cold polar molecules and should have important applications in the related research areas.
We propose a novel controllable electrostatic double-well trap scheme by using two charged ring wires and two parallel transparent electrodes. The spatial distributions of the electrostatic field from the above charged wires and the charged plates are calculated. We also analyze the advantages of the proposed scheme, and discuss the loading process of cold molecules from a cold molecular beam into our trap. Our study shows that our controllable double-well trap is not only convenient to trap, manipulate and control cold polar molecules in the weak-field-seeking states, but also has the potential applications in molecule optics field，such as molecular interference, molecular entanglement, and molecular collisions, even to study the molecular BEC in the double-well trap, and so on.
We propose a novel scheme in which cold polar molecules are trapped by an electrostatic field generated by the combination of a pair of parallel transparent electrodes (i.e., two infinite transparent plates) and a ring electrode (i.e., a ring wire). The spatial distributions of the electrostatic fields from the above charged wire and the charged plates and the corresponding Stark potentials for cold CO molecules are calculated; the dependences of the trap centre position on the geometric parameters of the electrode are analysed. We also discuss the loading process of cold molecules from a cold molecular beam into our trap. This study shows that the proposed scheme is not only simple and convenient to trap, manipulate and control cold polar molecules in weak-field-seeking states, but also provides an opportunity to study cold collisions and collective quantum effects in a variety of cold molecular systems, etc.
The merging of molecular beam methods with those of accelerator physics has yielded new tools to manipulate the motion of molecules. Over the last few years, decelerators, lenses, bunchers, traps, and storage rings for neutral molecules have been demonstrated. Molecular beams with a tunable velocity and with a tunable width of the velocity distribution can now be produced, and are expected to become a valuable tool in a variety of physical chemistry and chemical physics experiments. Here we present a compact molecular beam machine, capable of producing 3D spatially focused packets of state-selected accelerated or decelerated molecules.