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Chinese Journal of Lasers

Frequency and Intensity Noises of Probe Laser in Integrating Sphere Cold Atom Clock

王秀梅 Wang Xiumei, 孟艳玲 Meng Yanling, 李琳 Li Lin, 王亚宁 Wang Yaning, 于明圆 Yu Mingyuan, 王欣 Wang Xin, 肖玲 Xiao Ling, 万金银 Wan Jinyin, 成华东 Cheng Huadong, 刘亮 Liu Liang

Published Jan 1, 2017• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.3788/cjl201744.0912001

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The influence of laser frequency noise on the stability of a compact cold-atom microwave clock was investigated theoretically in this study. The phase-noisy laser was characterized by a phase-diffusion field. Given the laser linewidth, the analytical expressions of the atomic covariance function and the noise power spectral density of the relative intensity noise transferred from the frequency noise were derived based on stochastic differential equations. Our results provide an effective method to estimate the impact of laser frequency noise on the stability of an integrating sphere cold atomic clock. This method can be extended to other cold atom detection cases.
We demonstrate an integrated laser system for the mobile integrating sphere cold atom clock. Three distributed Bragg reflector diode lasers (780 nm) with custom drive circuits are used for the cooling, repumping, pumping, and probe lights. Automatic frequency-locking and relocking of the laser are presented. All of the optical elements are integrated on two sides of an aluminum base plate. The mechanical structure is simulated and optimized to minimize the deformation of the base plate. We optimize, measure, and discuss the frequency and intensity noises of the laser system. The techniques and designs used in this laser system can also be used in other mobile platforms for quantum sensing experiments.
A laser power stabilization system for themuW probe laser is developed.Power stabilization is realized by automatically adjusting diffraction efficiency of the acousto-optic modulator.The relative intensity noise of the probe laser is effectively suppressed to the shot noise limit,and the long-term stability is better than 2*10~(-5)(1000s). The loop function equation of the power stabilization system is deduced,and the suppression effect of the loop on the relative intensity noise is analyzed.The stabilized laser is applied to detecting the clock transition of the integrating sphere cold atom clock,and its contribution to the frequency stability is less than 1*10~(-13)tau~(-1/2)(tauis the samping time).The frequency stability of the clock is improved to better than 5*10~(-13)tau~(-1/2).