© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

Terms Privacy Legal Notice

IEEE Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC)

Study of secure optical communication based on quantum entanglement

Shijie He, Xiaokang Guo, Yanmei Zhang

Published Mar 1, 2017• 1 citation

Abstract

Classical secure communication mainly has the following drawbacks. The first one is that we can't theoretically prove that the algorithm can't be broken. Then, with the rapid development of quantum computer, the algorithm can be cracked in a short time. In this paper, a new way of secure optical communication based on quantum entanglement is discussed. N-slit interferometry is used to generate a series of optical signals which represent some characters with specific meaning. Any intra-path perturbations will lead to the collapse of wave function. By using the Dirac's notation, propagating interferograms can be predicted successfully which carry specific information. The results show that interferometric signal particularly suitable for optical communication.

DOI: 10.1109/iaeac.2017.8054172

Related papers

Quantum Interferometric Communications in Free Space

F. J. Duarte

Free-space secure communications via interferometric characters generated by quantum N -slit interferometers, and ensembles of indistinguishable photons, is discussed quantitatively in detail. The highly sensitive ability of this interferometric methodology to detect attempts of third-party intrusion is highlighted.

CRC Press eBooks•Jan 15, 2024•0 citations

Secure optical communications systems using quantum cryptography

Paul D. Townsend, C. Marand, Simon J. D. Phoenix +2 more

Quantum cryptography is the result of a synthesis of ideas from fundamental quantum physics and classical encryption that may radically change the way in which the confidentiality of information and the integrity of communications networks are protected. In this paper we discuss the issues that influence the design of practical quantum cryptography schemes for optical fibre-based communication systems.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences•Mar 15, 1996•10 citations

N-slit interferometer for secure free-space optical communications: 527 m intra interferometric path length

F.J. Duarte, T S Taylor, Anne Black +2 more

The N-slit interferometer is demonstrated to function with an intra interferometric propagation path length of 527.33 m. Interferograms representing several interferometric characters, corresponding to N = 2, 3, 4, and 5, were recorded at the interferometric plane located at the end of an open air propagation range. Interferometric computations, based on the application of Dirac's notation, were successfully used to predict the structure and divergence of the propagating interferograms. These measurements were carried out during an unusual mild-temperature, low-humidity, summer night in northern Alabama. In the laboratory, at an intra interferometric propagation path length of 7.235 m, the N-slit interferometer was also used to successfully detect the intrusion of microscopic fibers into the intra interferometric propagation path. These experiments led to the detection of diffraction patterns superimposed over the interferograms.

Journal of Optics•Feb 3, 2011•6 citations

QUANTUM SECURE DIRECT COMMUNICATION USING ENTANGLEMENT AND SUPER DENSE CODING

Ola M. Hegazy, Ayman Mohammad Bahaa-Eldin, Yasser H. Dakroury

This paper introduces a new quantum protocol for secure direct communication.This protocol is based on Entanglement and Super-Dense coding.In this paper we present some basic definitions of entanglement in quantum mechanics, present how to use the maximally entangled states known as Bell States, and super dense coding technique to achieve secure direct message communication.Finally, we will apply some error models that could affect the transmission of the quantum data on the quantum channels, and how to treat these errors and acquire a safe transmission of the data.

International Conference on Security and Cryptography•Jan 1, 2009•5 citations

Secure space-to-space interferometric communications and its nexus to the physics of quantum entanglement

F.J. Duarte

The history of the probability amplitude equation |ψ〉=(|x,y〉−|y,x〉) applicable to quanta pairs, propagating in different directions with entangled polarizations, is reviewed and traced back to the 1947–1949 period. The interferometric Dirac foundations common to |ψ〉=(|x,y〉−|y,x〉) and the generalized N-slit interferometric equation, for indistinguishable quanta, are also described. The results from a series of experiments on N-slit laser interferometers, with intra interferometric propagation paths up to 527 m, are reviewed. Particular attention is given to explain the generation of interferometric characters, for secure space-to-space communications, which immediately collapse on attempts of interception. The design of a low divergence N-slit laser interferometer for low Earth orbit-low Earth orbit (LEO-LEO), and LEO-geostationary Earth orbit (LEO-GEO), secure interferometric communications is described and a weight assessment is provided.

Applied Physics Reviews•Nov 9, 2016•2 citations

Secure interferometric communications in free space: enhanced sensitivity for propagation in the metre range

F.J. Duarte

N-slit interferometry has recently been applied to generate a series of interferometric characters that propagate, in free space, according to well established interference and optical propagation principles. Any attempt to intercept the interferometric character leads to detectable spatial distortions. Originally, experiments were reported at distances in the centimetre range. Here, successful communications, and enhanced detection sensitivity of optical interception, at distances of over 7 m is reported. Further, we discuss conceptual countermeasures and their inapplicability to intercept, undetected, the interferometric characters.

Journal of Optics A Pure and Applied Optics•Dec 11, 2004•9 citations

Classical secure communication mainly has the following drawbacks. The first one is that we can't theoretically prove that the algorithm can't be broken. Then, with the rapid development of quantum computer, the algorithm can be cracked in a short time. In this paper, a new way of secure optical communication based on quantum entanglement is discussed. N-slit interferometry is used to generate a series of optical signals which represent some characters with specific meaning. Any intra-path perturbations will lead to the collapse of wave function. By using the Dirac's notation, propagating interferograms can be predicted successfully which carry specific information. The results show that interferometric signal particularly suitable for optical communication.

The N-slit interferometer is demonstrated to function with an intra interferometric propagation path length of 527.33 m. Interferograms representing several interferometric characters, corresponding to N = 2, 3, 4, and 5, were recorded at the interferometric plane located at the end of an open air propagation range. Interferometric computations, based on the application of Dirac's notation, were successfully used to predict the structure and divergence of the propagating interferograms. These measurements were carried out during an unusual mild-temperature, low-humidity, summer night in northern Alabama. In the laboratory, at an intra interferometric propagation path length of 7.235 m, the N-slit interferometer was also used to successfully detect the intrusion of microscopic fibers into the intra interferometric propagation path. These experiments led to the detection of diffraction patterns superimposed over the interferograms.

This paper introduces a new quantum protocol for secure direct communication.This protocol is based on Entanglement and Super-Dense coding.In this paper we present some basic definitions of entanglement in quantum mechanics, present how to use the maximally entangled states known as Bell States, and super dense coding technique to achieve secure direct message communication.Finally, we will apply some error models that could affect the transmission of the quantum data on the quantum channels, and how to treat these errors and acquire a safe transmission of the data.

The history of the probability amplitude equation |ψ〉=(|x,y〉−|y,x〉) applicable to quanta pairs, propagating in different directions with entangled polarizations, is reviewed and traced back to the 1947–1949 period. The interferometric Dirac foundations common to |ψ〉=(|x,y〉−|y,x〉) and the generalized N-slit interferometric equation, for indistinguishable quanta, are also described. The results from a series of experiments on N-slit laser interferometers, with intra interferometric propagation paths up to 527 m, are reviewed. Particular attention is given to explain the generation of interferometric characters, for secure space-to-space communications, which immediately collapse on attempts of interception. The design of a low divergence N-slit laser interferometer for low Earth orbit-low Earth orbit (LEO-LEO), and LEO-geostationary Earth orbit (LEO-GEO), secure interferometric communications is described and a weight assessment is provided.

N-slit interferometry has recently been applied to generate a series of interferometric characters that propagate, in free space, according to well established interference and optical propagation principles. Any attempt to intercept the interferometric character leads to detectable spatial distortions. Originally, experiments were reported at distances in the centimetre range. Here, successful communications, and enhanced detection sensitivity of optical interception, at distances of over 7 m is reported. Further, we discuss conceptual countermeasures and their inapplicability to intercept, undetected, the interferometric characters.