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انجمن اپتیک و فوتونیک ایران

The analysis of the effect of external quantum field on the hybrid system of plasmonic nano antenna and quantum dot in entangled state representation

Seyed Mahmoud Ashrafi, Hossein Dizajghorbani Aghdam, Rasoul Malekfar, Alireza Bahrampour

Published Feb 10, 2017• 0 citations
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A Study on the Applications of Quantum Optical Coherence to Nano-Optics

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•Jan 1, 2017•0 citations
Abstract We theoretically study the polarization of plasmonic fields in a hybrid nanosystem composed of three different metallic nano ellipsoid and a semiconductor quantum dot. The components of the hybrid nanosystem interact with three electromagnetic fields and one another via dipole-dipole interactions. We derive the density matrix equations at a steady state for the description of the optical properties of the hybrid nanosystem. The polarization of the plasmonic fields induced on the prolate, spherical, and oblate nano ellipsoid is calculated. We find that the polarization of the plasmonic fields depends on the number of the metallic nanoparticles (ellipsoid), the depolarization factor of the metallic nano ellipsoid, the direction of the plasmonic field, and the metallic nano ellipsoid parameters of the hybrid nanosystem. The phenomena of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced transparency with amplification (EITA) are obtained in this work.
Plasmonic nanocomposites demonstrate unique properties due to the plasmonic effects, especially those with graphene within their structures, thereby paving the way to various promising applications. In this paper, we investigate the linear properties of the graphene-nanodisks--quantum-dots hybrid plasmonic systems in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum by numerically solving the linear susceptibility of the weak probe field at a steady state. Utilising the density matrix method under the weak probe field approximation, we derive the equations of motion for the density matrix elements using the dipole--dipole-interaction Hamiltonian under the rotating wave approximation, where the quantum dot is modelled as a three-level atomic system of Λ configuration interacting with two externally applied fields, a probe field, and a robust control field. We find that the linear response of our hybrid plasmonic system exhibits an electromagnetically induced transparency window and switching between absorption and amplification without population inversion in the vicinity of the resonance, which can be controlled by adjusting the parameters of the external fields and the system's setup. The probe field and the distance-adjustable major axis of the system must be aligned with the direction of the resonance energy of the hybrid system. Moreover, our plasmonic hybrid system offers tunable switching between slow and fast light near the resonance. Therefore, the linear properties obtained by the hybrid plasmonic system can be employed in applications such as communication, biosensing, plasmonic sensors, signal processing, optoelectronics, and photonic devices.
Optically controlled dipole-dipole interaction at submicrometers and subwavelength scales leads to many interesting phenomenon and remarkable potential applications in quantum optics, condensed matter physics, and today’s micro-devices. In this dissertation, we study the applications of quantum optical coherence to nano-optics in the following systems and aspects. On the one hand, chiral metamaterials has been previously reported as excellent candidates to realize both attractive and repulsive Casimir forces, where the existence of a repulsive Casimir force depends upon the strength of the chirality. On the other hand, nanoscale integration of metal nanoparticles and semiconductors is particularly interesting because the strengths of both materials are combined in such a hybrid system. In the first part of this work, we proposed a technical scheme to coherently control of the Casimir interaction energy with two identical chirality mediums. We took explicit caution regarding the requirements of passivity and causal response of the materials, since these requirements are essential for the application of the Lifshitz formula. The rare-earth metals’ atomic species, for instance, dysprosium, is proposed as an applicable medium for the forthcoming studies of possible experimental implementation of our technique. Secondly, we fully investigated the coherent control of the quantum optical properties of spontaneous emission spectra of a semiconductor quantum dot coupled to a metallic nanoparticle. The properties of the spontaneous emission spectra of such a system are studied in detail with and without involving the coherent field. The Rabi splitting effect in the spectrum emitted by the quantum dot under particular conditions is predicted for different sizes of the metal nanoparticles. We show that the spontaneous emission spectra of the transition coupled to surface plasmons may be further modified by adjusting the external coherent control on the adjacent transitions. In the third part, we propose a robust protocol to study the entanglement generation in a hybrid structure consisting of two quantum dots in the proximity of a metallic nanoshell. The entanglement arises impulsively due to common coupling to the plasmonic nanostructure, without demanding postselective measurement or mediating the dissipative environment. The long-lived entangled states can be created deterministically by optimizing the shell thickness as well as the ratio of the distances between the quantum dots and the surface of the shell. The loss of the system is greatly reduced even when the quantum dots are ultraclose to the shell, which signifies a slow decay rate of the coherence information and longtime entanglement preservation.