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Frontiers in Optics

Application of optical analog of two-photon Rabi oscillations in polarization splitter

Pragati Aashna, Krishnan Thyagarajan

Published Jan 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the design of a polarization splitter based on two-photon Rabi oscillations in a three waveguide directional coupler. We show the practical feasibility of the device by carrying out simulations in lithium niobate waveguides.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2017.jw4a.105

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Abstract We propose a novel waveguide polarization splitter based on the optical analogue of two-photon Rabi oscillations and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in a three waveguide directional coupler. Both these processes are borrowed from three level quantum mechanical atomic systems, in which an intermediate level is used to transfer the population from one state to another without any population occupation in the intermediate level. To show the practical feasibility of the device, simulations have been carried out on waveguides in lithium niobate and we show that two orthogonal polarizations can be separated at the output using the proposed three waveguide structures. We also show that the proposed structure is robust against changes in phase mismatch parameters, as well as wavelength of operation.
An optical analogue of two-photon Rabi oscillations, occurring in a three-level atomic or molecular system coherently driven by two detuned laser fields, is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated using three evanescently coupled optical waveguides realized on an active glass substrate. The optical analogue stems from the formal analogy between spatial propagation of light waves in the three-waveguide structure and the coherent temporal evolution of populations in a three-level atomic medium driven by two laser fields under two-photon resonance. In our optical experiment, two-photon Rabi oscillations are thus visualized as a slow spatial oscillatory exchange of light power between the two outer waveguides of the structure with a small excitation of the central waveguide.
In this paper, we propose a method for the generation of higher dimensional modal entanglement through type II spontaneous parametric down conversion process using a three waveguide directional coupler in a periodically poled lithium niobate substrate. We show that by a proper design, it is possible to achieve an output state of two photons occupying three different spatial modes. The advantage of using such waveguide structure is its flexibility and the design space availability to achieve desired characteristics of the photon pairs generated in the down conversion process
Abstract Realizing optical analogs of quantum phenomena in atomic, molecular, or condensed matter physics has underpinned a range of photonic technologies. Rabi splitting is a quantum phenomenon induced by a strong interaction between two quantum states, and its optical analogs are of fundamental importance for the manipulation of light–matter interactions with wide applications in optoelectronics and nonlinear optics. Here, purely optical analogs of Rabi splitting in integrated waveguide‐coupled resonators formed by two Sagnac interferometers are proposed and theoretically investigated. By tailoring the coherent mode interference, the spectral response of the devices is engineered to achieve optical analogs of Rabi splitting with anti‐crossing behavior in the resonances. Transitions between the Lorentzian, Fano, and Rabi splitting spectral lineshapes are achieved by simply changing the phase shift along the waveguide connecting the two Sagnac interferometers, revealing interesting physical insights about the evolution of different optical analogs of quantum phenomena. The impact of the device's structural parameters is also analyzed to facilitate device design and optimization. These results suggest a new way for realizing optical analogs of Rabi splitting based on integrated waveguide‐coupled resonators, paving the way for many potential applications that manipulate light–matter interactions in the strong coupling regime.