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Chinese Physics B

Optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotating in a plane parallel to the quantization axis

Zhichao Ding, Jie Yuan, Hui Luo, Xingwu Long

Published Aug 1, 2017• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A model of an optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotating in a plane parallel to the quantization axis is presented. Different coordinate frames for nuclear spin polarization vector are introduced, and theoretical calculation is conducted to analyze this model. We demonstrate that when the optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotates in a plane parallel to the quantization axis, it will maintain a steady state with respect to the quantization axis which is independent of rotational speed and direction.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/26/9/093301

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A model of an optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotating in a plane parallel to the quantization axis is presented. Different coordinate frames for nuclear spin polarization vector are introduced, and theoretical calculation is conducted to analyze this model. We demonstrate that when the optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotates in a plane parallel to the quantization axis, it will maintain a steady state with respect to the quantization axis which is independent of rotational speed and direction.
The solution of the time-dependent wave equation describing the interaction of two coupled spins with a rotating magnetic field in the presence of a steady field, as in the usual magnetic resonance situation, has been reexamined. By extending the method previously developed by Salwen, an exact expression is derived for all components of the wave function describing a three-state system under magnetic-resonance conditions. This solution describes in analytical form all the single and multiple resonances of which the system is capable for fields of any intensity. It is shown that when zzz is the axis of quantization, the projection of the wave function on an eigenstate of Fx{F}_{x}Fx​ oscillates at twice the resonance frequency at exact double quantum resonance. An approximate form is derived for the transition probability near double quantum resonance, showing that our solution is consistent with Salwen's in the limit of well-separated single and double quantum resonances. The theory is applied to the uppermost three substates of the upper hyperfine multiplet of an alkali metal of arbitrary nuclear spin, a case of interest to the analysis of magnetic resonance in optically pumped vapors.
We investigate the dual-frequency Doppler-free resonance in the D1 line of alkali-metal atoms for any accessible value of the nuclear spin I. The consideration is performed using the symmetries of the dipole operator and the basis, where the quantization axis is directed along the polarization of the one of optical waves. We show that there is the absence of the optical pumping in the scheme with parallel polarizations for the center of the crossover, resulting in its smallest width. Secondly, the growth in the absorption for the center of the peak with Fe=I-1/2 and the decrease of its width with the two-photon detuning in the case of~orthogonal polarizations is explained. Particular attention is paid to the special case of I=3/2, where this effect is the most pronounced. The experiment with 87Rb, 85Rb, and 133Cs atoms is in agreement with the analysis.
We study theoretically the dynamic behavior of a J′=1→J″=0 laser (J is the angular momentum quantum number) optically pumped by means of a linearly polarized coherent field (coupled to an adjacent transition J=0→J′=1) when the pump field polarization is rotated at a constant angular velocity Ω and the laser field polarization either is fixed by the cavity or is free (isotropic cavity). Because of a strong pump-induced gain anisotropy, the dynamic behavior is completely different in each case. In the case of fixed laser field polarization, rich amplitude dynamics, which depend on the pump field strength, are found. At slow modulation frequencies (with respect to the molecular and the cavity relaxation rates), the system does not always follow the sequence of stationary and dynamic solutions that correspond to the autonomous laser as a function of the relative orientation angle between the polarizations of the pump and the laser fields. Phenomena such as delayed switching and suppression of chaos and stabilization of unstable steady states are found. In the case of an isotropic cavity, the pump field vector rotation is transferred to the laser field vector and amplitude unstable regimes are also strongly inhibited.
The polarization of 129Xe gas by spin exchange with optically pumped Rb vapor is investigated in high magnetic field. Operation in a high field provides added spectral dispersion via Zeeman shifts of the electronic transitions. This simplifies the physics of the pumping process in such a way as to make it more amenable to treatment with simple rate theory. A relationship between the steady state 129Xe polarization and the applied laser power is derived which agrees with experimental results. This theory serves as a guide to the manufacture of very high polarizations of 129Xe gas.