FPGA-based Feedback Control of a Single Atom Trajectory

The scalability of neutral atom quantum computing demands integrated electronic control systems with low latency, modular architecture, and real-time feedback capability. Here, we present an FPGA-based electronic control system that eliminates the PC from the feedback loop, integrating photon counting, real-time decision-making, and waveform generation within a unified PXIe architecture. The system achieves a total feedback latency of $282\,\mathrm{μs}$ and is validated in practical experiments by assembling defect-free atom arrays from 24 stochastically loaded optical tweezers. A single-round rearrangement achieves a filling fraction of $\sim96\%$ , while feedback-controlled iterative rearrangement over five rounds boosts the success probability for generating a 10-atom defect-free array from $65.7\%$ to $95.4\%$ . This system establishes the electronic infrastructure necessary for mid-circuit measurement and real-time quantum error correction on neutral-atom platforms.The scalability of neutral atom quantum computing demands integrated electronic control systems with low latency, modular architecture, and real-time feedback capability. Here, we present an FPGA-based electronic control system that eliminates the PC from the feedback loop, integrating photon counting, real-time decision-making, and waveform generation within a unified PXIe architecture. The system achieves a total feedback latency of $282\,\mathrm{μs}$ and is validated in practical experiments by assembling defect-free atom arrays from 24 stochastically loaded optical tweezers. A single-round rearrangement achieves a filling fraction of $\sim96\%$, while feedback-controlled iterative rearrangement over five rounds boosts the success probability for generating a 10-atom defect-free array from $65.7\%$ to $95.4\%$. This system establishes the electronic infrastructure necessary for mid-circuit measurement and real-time quantum error correction on neutral-atom platforms.

quant-pharXiv:2607.08687Jul 10, 20260 citations

Feedback control of a single atom in an optical cavity

Alexander Kubanek, M. Koch, Christian Sames +4 more

Applied Physics BFeb 11, 201112 citations

Experimental realization of real-time feedback-control of single-atom arrays

Hyosub E. Kim, Woojun Lee, Jaewook Ahn

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyMay 27, 20160 citations

Predictive electronic feedback control for narrow-linewidth lasers

Jiatian Liu, Xuan Qi, Xiayang Fan +2 more

Narrow-linewidth lasers are essential for various key atom-laser interaction processes and optical setups in quantum coherent control, quantum precision measurement, and quantum information science. The Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique is the standard method for the frequency-stabilization of narrow-linewidth lasers, but the inherent time delay in its feedback loop inevitably induces excessive phase noise, commonly known as servo bumps. Previous solutions primarily rely on additional optical components outside the electronic feedback control loop. Here, we propose and implement a generic method based on the Smith predictor to address the time-delay issue entirely within the electronic part of the PDH feedback control loop. We systematically demonstrate its capability to suppress phase noise and reduce servo bumps by adding only a single Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) controller to the loop. This class of methods is demonstrated to be conceptually concise with minimal hardware overhead, effective in practice, and holds potential for a wide variety of future applications.Narrow-linewidth lasers are essential for various key atom-laser interaction processes and optical setups in quantum coherent control, quantum precision measurement, and quantum information science. The Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique is the standard method for the frequency-stabilization of narrow-linewidth lasers, but the inherent time delay in its feedback loop inevitably induces excessive phase noise, commonly known as servo bumps. Previous solutions primarily rely on additional optical components outside the electronic feedback control loop. Here, we propose and implement a generic method based on the Smith predictor to address the time-delay issue entirely within the electronic part of the PDH feedback control loop. We systematically demonstrate its capability to suppress phase noise and reduce servo bumps by adding only a single Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) controller to the loop. This class of methods is demonstrated to be conceptually concise with minimal hardware overhead, effective in practice, and holds potential for a wide variety of future applications.

physics.opticsCross-listedarXiv:2610.31396Oct 23, 2026

282\,\mathrm{μs}

and is validated in practical experiments by assembling defect-free atom arrays from 24 stochastically loaded optical tweezers. A single-round rearrangement achieves a filling fraction of

\sim96\%

, while feedback-controlled iterative rearrangement over five rounds boosts the success probability for generating a 10-atom defect-free array from

65.7\%

95.4\%

. This system establishes the electronic infrastructure necessary for mid-circuit measurement and real-time quantum error correction on neutral-atom platforms.