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Journal of Applied Physics

Nonlinear input-output feature of the atom-nanowires coupling system

Xiuwen Xia, Xinqin Zhang, Jingping Xu, Mu-Tian Cheng, Yaping Yang

Published Jul 11, 2017• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider in this paper the input-output properties of an atom-nanowire coupling system which is composed of two individual terminated metal nanowaveguides and a two-level optical emitter. In detail, four aspects of the input-output properties are studied. First, we discuss in particular the coherent perfect absorber in the linear excitation regime and give the condition to realize it. Second, the transmittivity of the atom-nanowire system in the nonlinear regime is calculated, and a Rabi-like splitting associated with optical nonlinearity is found. Such a result is much different from the Rabi splitting in the atom-cavity system in the low excitation limit. Third, we find that the cooperation of optical nonlinearity and spatial asymmetry can generate optical nonreciprocity. Finally, a negative differential transmittivity is achieved with appropriate parameters. Our findings show promising applications in the full-optical device.

DOI
10.1063/1.4992803

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Coherent perfect absorption provides a method of light-controlling-light and has practical applications in optical communications. Recently, a cavity-based nonlinear perfect photon absorption extends the coherent perfect absorber (CPA) beyond the linear regime. As nanowire-based system is a more competitive candidate for full-optical device, we introduce a nonlinear CPA in the single two-level atom–nanowires coupling system in this work. Nonlinear input–output relations are derived analytically, and three contributions of atomic saturation nonlinearity are explicit. The consociation of optical nonlinearity and destructive interference makes it feasible to fabricate a nonlinear monoatomic CPA. Our results also indicate that a nonlinear system may work linearly even when the incoming lights are not weak any more. Our findings show promising applications in full-optical devices.
We investigate the optical bistability behavior of a two-sided cavity quantum electrodynamics system. The nonlinear input–output relation of the atom–cavity system coupled by two input light fields from two ends of the cavity can be controlled by a control light from the free space. Different from the common optical bistability phenomenon in the atom–cavity system, two separate bistability regions are observed. The bistability threshold and hysteresis loop can be well controlled by the control light. Because of field interference, the output light intensity becomes different with varying the relative phase of two incident fields. The output field intensity at the threshold of the first bistability region approaches zero with either increasing the detuning or lowering the intensity of the control light; thus, the perfect photon absorption condition is extended and a broadband near-perfect photon absorber is realized. Furthermore, we show an asymmetrical transmission feature due to field interference.
Atom–nanowire coupling system is a promising platform for optical quantum information processing. Unlike the previous designing of optical switch and transistor requiring a dedicated multi-level emitter and high fineness microcavity, a new proposal is put forward which contains a single two-level atom asymmetrically coupled with two nanowires. Single-emitter manipulation of photonic signals for bilateral coherent incident is clear now, since we specify atomic saturation nonlinearity into three contributions which brings us a new approach to realizing light-controlled-light at weak light and single-atom levels. An efficient optically controllable switch based on self-matching-induced-block and a concise optical transistor are proposed. Our findings show potential applications in full-optical devices.
We investigate theoretically the transport properties of surface plasmon in a metal nanowire with linear and nonlinear dispersion relations coupled to a quantum dot with three levels in cascaded configuration by full quantum-mechanical approach. The transmission and reflection amplitudes are obtained. The reflection spectrum shows two peaks for the surface plasmon with linear dispersion relation while it can exhibit four peaks when the plasmon has quadratic dispersion relation. The calculations reveal that one can control the plasmon transport properties by adjusting Rabi frequency and circular frequency of a classic optical field.
We analyze the transmission character of a single-mode cavity containing a resonant two-level atom. Such a simple structure exhibits optical nonlinearity and spatial symmetry breaking, as well as time-reversal symmetry breaking. We perform a detailed analysis in the Purcell regime and find out that there is giant optical nonreciprocity in proper parameter space. Therefore, it is feasible to assemble such a simple atom–cavity structure to realize an acceptable optical nonreciprocal device after carefully designing.
We present a work of promoted optical nonreciprocity (ONR) in an asymmetrical cavity containing two asymmetrically arranged two-level atoms with a weak atom-atom interaction. The input-output relation is worked out by using a perturbative approach. Results show that the bistable-monostable-bistable phase transition would exist when the second atom is present, where the optical bistability and nonreciprocity change considerably. Contributions of two types of spatial asymmetries suggest that the ONR originates from the cooperation of the cavity spatial symmetry breaking and the optical nonlinearity, regardless of the atomic spatial symmetry breaking. In addition to the experimentally proved bistable ONR, a type of monostable ONR is proposed, which operates in the monostable phase. Both the ONR optimal regime and the block rate are boosted by adding the other atom in the cavity. Our findings suggest a prospective approach to the generation of a giant ONR by two atoms with unequal atom-cavity coupling strengths.