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Physical Review Letters

Preparation and measurement of few-atom number states in a double-well optical lattice

Jennifer Sebby-Strabley, Ben Brown, Marco Anderlini, Patricia J. Lee, Philip R. Johnson, William D. Phillips, J. V. Porto

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
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Quantum tunneling and coherent wavepacket dynamics in an optical lattice

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This dissertation reports on the experimental study of coherent wavepacket dynamics of cesium atoms in the double-well potentials of a one-dimensional, far-off-resonance optical lattice. An optical lattice is the periodic potential produced by the light shift interaction of an atom with the light field of interfering laser beams. With the proper choice of laser parameters and external magnetic fields, an array of double-well potentials is created. Using the techniques of laser cooling, atoms are trapped in the lattice and are prepared in a pure state through a combination of enhanced laser cooling in a near-resonance lattice and state selection in an accelerated far-off-resonance lattice. The atoms are prepared on one side of the double-well potential, and the atomic wavepackets will then oscillate between the left and right localized states of the double-well potential. Entanglement between the internal and external degrees of freedom makes it possible to follow the center-of-mass motion of the atoms by measuring the ground state magnetic populations via Stern-Gerlach analysis. The coherent dynamics of these wavepackets was studied under various combinations of lattice parameters such as lattice depth, applied transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields. There is excellent agreement between the experimentally measured oscillation frequencies and those predicted from a numerical analysis of the bandstructure of the lattice. For certain lattice parameters the total energy of the atom is below the potential barrier and the coherent motion corresponds to tunneling through a classically forbidden barrier. At specific times during the oscillation the atomic wavepacket corresponds to a coherent superposition of the mesoscopically distinct left and right localized states.

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Quantum State Preparation In Optical Lattices

Jessen

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•Jan 1, 1997•0 citations
We describe the controlled loading and measurement of number-squeezed states and Poisson states of atoms in individual sites of a double well optical lattice. These states are input to an atom interferometer that is realized by symmetrically splitting individual lattice sites into double wells, allowing atoms in individual sites to evolve independently. The two paths then interfere, creating a matter-wave double-slit diffraction pattern. The time evolution of the double-slit diffraction pattern is used to measure the number statistics of the input state. The flexibility of our double well lattice provides a means to detect the presence of empty lattice sites, an important and so far unmeasured factor in determining the purity of a Mott state.
This dissertation reports on the experimental study of coherent wavepacket dynamics of cesium atoms in the double-well potentials of a one-dimensional, far-off-resonance optical lattice. An optical lattice is the periodic potential produced by the light shift interaction of an atom with the light field of interfering laser beams. With the proper choice of laser parameters and external magnetic fields, an array of double-well potentials is created. Using the techniques of laser cooling, atoms are trapped in the lattice and are prepared in a pure state through a combination of enhanced laser cooling in a near-resonance lattice and state selection in an accelerated far-off-resonance lattice. The atoms are prepared on one side of the double-well potential, and the atomic wavepackets will then oscillate between the left and right localized states of the double-well potential. Entanglement between the internal and external degrees of freedom makes it possible to follow the center-of-mass motion of the atoms by measuring the ground state magnetic populations via Stern-Gerlach analysis. The coherent dynamics of these wavepackets was studied under various combinations of lattice parameters such as lattice depth, applied transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields. There is excellent agreement between the experimentally measured oscillation frequencies and those predicted from a numerical analysis of the bandstructure of the lattice. For certain lattice parameters the total energy of the atom is below the potential barrier and the coherent motion corresponds to tunneling through a classically forbidden barrier. At specific times during the oscillation the atomic wavepacket corresponds to a coherent superposition of the mesoscopically distinct left and right localized states.