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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Probing atomic state coherence with a double-well optical lattice

Philip Johnson, Jennifer Sebby-Strabley, Eite Tiesinga, Trey Porto, Carl J. Williams

Published Jun 7, 2007• 0 citations
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arXiv:quant-ph/0701110•Physical Review Letters•May 17, 2007•149 citations
Interference patterns produced by binomially splitting atom states in a double well optical lattice can be used to probe many important properties of this system, including double well tilt (and tilt inhomogeneities), the on-site interaction energy U, atom number distribution across the lattice, vibrational excitation, and lattice state coherence, making atom interferometry a powerful tool to analyze and characterize the structure and states of optical lattice systems, an essential task if they are to realize their potential for quantum information and for a variety of other proposed uses.
We describe the controlled loading and measurement of number-squeezed states and Poisson states of atoms in individual sites of a double well optical lattice. These states are input to an atom interferometer that is realized by symmetrically splitting individual lattice sites into double wells, allowing atoms in individual sites to evolve independently. The two paths then interfere, creating a matter-wave double-slit diffraction pattern. The time evolution of the double-slit diffraction pattern is used to measure the number statistics of the input state. The flexibility of our double well lattice provides a means to detect the presence of empty lattice sites, an important and so far unmeasured factor in determining the purity of a Mott state.