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Generation of tunable correlated atoms beams in an optical lattice

Marie Bonneau, Josselin Ruaudel, Raphael Lopes, Jean-Christophe Jaskula, Denis Boiron, Christoph Ira Westbrook, Alain Aspect

Published Jul 23, 2012• 0 citations
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Atom Manipulation in Optical Lattices

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Hexagonal optical lattices offer a tunable platform to study exotic orbital physics in solid state materials. Here, we present a versatile high-precision scheme to implement a hexagonal optical lattice potential, which is engineered by overlapping two independent triangular optical sublattices generated by laser beams with slightly different wavelengths around 1064 nm. This enables us to precisely control the detailed structure of the hexagonal lattice by adjusting the relative position and the relative lattice depth of the two triangular optical sublattices. Taking advantage of the sensitive dependence of the second Bloch band on small lattice deformations, we propose a strategy to optimize the optical lattice geometry with an extremely high precision. This method can also be extended to other lattice configurations involving more than two sublattices. Our work provides the experimental requirements in the search for novel orbital physics of ultracold atoms, for example, in the flat p-band of the hexagonal optical lattice.
Abstract Artificial periodic structures (APS) with controllable optical properties are highly demanded in all‐optical devices and circuits in communication networks. However, APS realized in solid materials are usually non‐tunable and inherently possess immutable photonic bandgap. In this article, a novel honeycomb lattice in an atomic ensemble by utilizing the multi‐beam interference method is reported. Unlike the honeycomb lattice formed in solid materials, the optical properties of this photoinduced honeycomb lattice, such as the absorption/dispersion coefficients and the photonic bandgap can be efficiently tuned by two‐photon detuning and Rabi frequency, resulting in both amplitude‐ and phase‐ type honeycomb lattice. Based on the two‐photon quantum‐imaging method, the near‐field diffraction of the honeycomb lattice is also investigated. It is found that the resolution of the diffraction pattern is tunable by simply adjusting the manner of the two detectors scanning across the imaging beams. In addition, the contrast of the pattern can be greatly enhanced by tuning the optical properties of the lattice. Such an optical honeycomb lattice with tunable properties could find applications in all‐optical switching at the few photons level and paves the way for the generation and manipulation of optical topological insulators.