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Optics and Spectroscopy

Light-induced variation of probe ultrashort-pulse polarization as a method for studying the coherent diffraction of atoms in a standing-wave resonance field

A. Zh. Muradyan

Published Dec 1, 1991• 0 citations
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A theoretical investigation of the change in polarization of ultrashort pulses of light near the two-photon resonance is carried out. A strong wave of circular polarization in the medium induces optical anisotropy which affects the change in weak probe-wave polarization. It is shown, that owing to an interaction transient, the probe-wave polarization becomes elliptical whose parameters change depending on time and position. This leads, in turn, to oscillation dependence of the rotated component of the probe field amplitude on the pumping energy, and the length and density of the resonant medium.
The excitation of nonuniform holographic gratings by ultrashort light pulses in nonlinear cubic media is considered. The relaxation and the diffusion of the pulse-induced grating are investigated. The diffraction problem of the induced grating is solved using both the perturbation theory and the coupled-wave approach. It is shown that the measurement of the angular or spectral distribution of the diffracted probe light makes it possible to determine the complex-valued coherence function completely for a single nonreproducible pulse. A simple method for the determination of the exciting pulse area is proposed; it allows us to deduce the integral amplitude and duration for the pulse, which can serve as a good approximation for their corresponding real values.