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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Long-lived quantum coherences in symmetric V-system strongly driven by incoherent light

Suyesh Koyu, Timur V. Tscherbul

Published Jun 6, 2017• 0 citations
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Quantum coherent dynamics of the V-system strongly driven by incoherent light

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We present a theoretical study of noise-induced quantum coherences in a model three-level $V$-type system interacting with incoherent radiation, an important prototype for a wide range of physical systems ranging from trapped ions to biomolecules and quantum dots. By solving the quantum optical equations of motion, we obtain analytic expressions for the noise-induced coherences and show that they exhibit an oscillating behavior in the limit of large excited level spacing $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}$ ($\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}/\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gg}1$, where $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ is the radiative decay width). Most remarkably, we find that in the opposite limit of small level spacing $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}/\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\ll}1$, appropriate for large molecules, (a) the coherences can survive for an extremely long time $\ensuremath{\tau}=(2/\ensuremath{\gamma})(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}/\ensuremath{\gamma}{)}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ before eventually decaying to zero, and (b) coherences at short times can be substantial. We further show that the long-lived coherences can survive environmental relaxation and decoherence, suggesting implications to the design of quantum heat engines and to incoherent light excitation of biological systems.

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We present a theoretical study of quantum coherent dynamics of a three-level Λ-system driven by a thermal environment (such as blackbody radiation), which serves as an essential building block of photosynthetic light-harvesting models and quantum heat engines. By solving nonsecular Bloch–Redfield master equations, we obtain analytical results for the ground-state population and coherence dynamics and classify the dynamical regimes of the incoherently driven Λ-system as underdamped and overdamped depending on whether the ratio Δ/[rf(p)] is greater or less than one, where Δ is the ground-state energy splitting, r is the incoherent pumping rate, and f(p) is a function of the transition dipole alignment parameter p. In the underdamped regime, we observe long-lived coherent dynamics that lasts for τc ≃ 1/r, even though the initial state of the Λ-system contains no coherences in the energy basis. In the overdamped regime for p = 1, we observe the emergence of coherent quasi-steady states with the lifetime τc = 1.34(r/Δ2), which have a low von Neumann entropy compared to conventional thermal states. We propose an experimental scenario for observing noise-induced coherent dynamics in metastable He* atoms driven by x-polarized incoherent light. Our results suggest that thermal excitations can generate experimentally observable long-lived quantum coherent dynamics in the ground-state subspace of atomic and molecular Λ-systems in the absence of coherent driving.

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Protecting coherence in the non-Hermitian two-level system

Weichen Wang, Mao-Fa Fang

We have constructed a non-Hermitian two-level system (a PT -symmetric system) in dissipative environments, and investigated the quantum coherence in the non-Hermitian two-level system. Our results show that, quantum coherence can be created by PT -symmetric systems, even if the initial state of the twolevel system is incoherent state. Even though two-level system is interacted with dissipative environments, the quantum coherence exhibits a long-lived revival, and can be protected. We find that the two-level system can obtain more coherence with the coupling strength Ω increases. And we should point out that the PT -symmetric system can be regarded as a good candidate system for creation of the long-lived quantum coherence in dissipative environments.

arXiv:1612.08339•Dec 26, 2016•1 citation
We present a theoretical study of noise-induced quantum coherences in a model three-level VVV-type system interacting with incoherent radiation, an important prototype for a wide range of physical systems ranging from trapped ions to biomolecules and quantum dots. By solving the quantum optical equations of motion, we obtain analytic expressions for the noise-induced coherences and show that they exhibit an oscillating behavior in the limit of large excited level spacing $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}$ ($\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}/\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gg}1$, where $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ is the radiative decay width). Most remarkably, we find that in the opposite limit of small level spacing $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}/\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\ll}1$, appropriate for large molecules, (a) the coherences can survive for an extremely long time $\ensuremath{\tau}=(2/\ensuremath{\gamma})(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}/\ensuremath{\gamma}{)}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ before eventually decaying to zero, and (b) coherences at short times can be substantial. We further show that the long-lived coherences can survive environmental relaxation and decoherence, suggesting implications to the design of quantum heat engines and to incoherent light excitation of biological systems.
We present a theoretical study of quantum coherent dynamics of a three-level Λ-system driven by a thermal environment (such as blackbody radiation), which serves as an essential building block of photosynthetic light-harvesting models and quantum heat engines. By solving nonsecular Bloch–Redfield master equations, we obtain analytical results for the ground-state population and coherence dynamics and classify the dynamical regimes of the incoherently driven Λ-system as underdamped and overdamped depending on whether the ratio Δ/[rf(p)] is greater or less than one, where Δ is the ground-state energy splitting, r is the incoherent pumping rate, and f(p) is a function of the transition dipole alignment parameter p. In the underdamped regime, we observe long-lived coherent dynamics that lasts for τc ≃ 1/r, even though the initial state of the Λ-system contains no coherences in the energy basis. In the overdamped regime for p = 1, we observe the emergence of coherent quasi-steady states with the lifetime τc = 1.34(r/Δ2), which have a low von Neumann entropy compared to conventional thermal states. We propose an experimental scenario for observing noise-induced coherent dynamics in metastable He* atoms driven by x-polarized incoherent light. Our results suggest that thermal excitations can generate experimentally observable long-lived quantum coherent dynamics in the ground-state subspace of atomic and molecular Λ-systems in the absence of coherent driving.
We have constructed a non-Hermitian two-level system (a PT -symmetric system) in dissipative environments, and investigated the quantum coherence in the non-Hermitian two-level system. Our results show that, quantum coherence can be created by PT -symmetric systems, even if the initial state of the twolevel system is incoherent state. Even though two-level system is interacted with dissipative environments, the quantum coherence exhibits a long-lived revival, and can be protected. We find that the two-level system can obtain more coherence with the coupling strength Ω increases. And we should point out that the PT -symmetric system can be regarded as a good candidate system for creation of the long-lived quantum coherence in dissipative environments.