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Phase-squeezing properties of non-degenerate PSAs using PPLN waveguides

Benjamin James Puttnam, Dániel Mazroa, Satoshi Shinada, Naoya Wada

Published Oct 20, 2011• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We investigate the phase squeezing characteristics of non-degenerate phase-sensitive-amplifiers (PSAs) based on periodically-poled-lithium-niobate (PPLN) waveguides. We implement two PSA configurations with phase insensitive idler generation performed in both highly-non-linear-fiber (HNLF) and PPLN waveguides. In both cases we demonstrate regeneration of a noisy BPSK signal, despite net signal attenuation in the phase sensitive PPLN, and show that the level of phase squeezing varies with the phase sensitive dynamic range (PSDR). We observe that weak idler generation in the PPLN limits the achievable PSDR and that use of HNLF for idler generation leads to the largest PSDR. However, in phase regeneration measurements we observe that the pump phase modulation, required to overcome stimulated Brillouin scattering, adds significant amplitude noise, which increases with the PSDR.

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We investigate the phase squeezing characteristics of non-degenerate phase-sensitive-amplifiers (PSAs) based on periodically-poled-lithium-niobate (PPLN) waveguides. We implement two PSA configurations with phase insensitive idler generation performed in both highly-non-linear-fiber (HNLF) and PPLN waveguides. In both cases we demonstrate regeneration of a noisy BPSK signal, despite net signal attenuation in the phase sensitive PPLN, and show that the level of phase squeezing varies with the phase sensitive dynamic range (PSDR). We observe that weak idler generation in the PPLN limits the achievable PSDR and that use of HNLF for idler generation leads to the largest PSDR. However, in phase regeneration measurements we observe that the pump phase modulation, required to overcome stimulated Brillouin scattering, adds significant amplitude noise, which increases with the PSDR.
We investigate the phase squeezing characteristics of non-degenerate phase-sensitive-amplifiers (PSAs) based on periodically-poled-lithium-niobate (PPLN) waveguides. We implement two PSA configurations with phase insensitive idler generation performed in both highly-non-linear-fiber (HNLF) and PPLN waveguides. In both cases we demonstrate regeneration of a noisy BPSK signal, despite net signal attenuation in the phase sensitive PPLN, and show that the level of phase squeezing varies with the phase sensitive dynamic range (PSDR). We observe that weak idler generation in the PPLN limits the achievable PSDR and that use of HNLF for idler generation leads to the largest PSDR. However, in phase regeneration measurements we observe that the pump phase modulation, required to overcome stimulated Brillouin scattering, adds significant amplitude noise, which increases with the PSDR.
Phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) have long been known to offer the possibility of amplification with a noise figure below the 3 dB quantum limit of phase insensitive amplifiers (PIA). Other advantages of the PSAs are the potential for optical signal processing, including all optical phase regeneration of phase encoded signals, dispersion compensation and coherent wavelength exchange. PSAs are usually demonstrated using highly nonlinear fibres as the nonlinear element. However, the use of cascaded sum- and difference-frequency generation (cSFG/DFG) of second-order nonlinearities in periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides offers a number of attractive features relative to corresponding fibre based PSA implementations including the prospect of compact devices, large operational bandwidths and importantly a far greater immunity to the effects of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) of the pump beams which imposes performance limitations and adds complexity to silica fibre based PSA devices. Herein, we propose and demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally a new scheme for frequency non-degenerate PSA based on the cSHG/DFG process in a single PPLN waveguide.
We demonstrate the phase sensitive amplification of a high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal using non-degenerate parametric amplification in a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide. The interaction between the pump, signal, and phase-conjugated idler enables us to amplify arbitrary phase components of the signal. The 16QAM signals are amplified without distortion because of the high gain linearity of the PPLN-based phase sensitive amplifier (PSA). Both the phase and amplitude noise reduction capabilities of the PSA are ensured. Phase noise cancellation is achieved by using the interaction with the phase-conjugated idler. A degraded signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is restored by using the gain difference between a phase-correlated signal-idler pair and uncorrelated excess noise. The applicability of the simultaneous amplification of multi-carrier signals and the amplification of two independent polarization signals are also confirmed with a view to realizing ultra-high spectrally efficient signal amplification.
We investigate the phase squeezing performance of an all-optical black-box binary phase-shift keyed phase regenerator constructed from periodically-poled lithium-niobate (PPLN) waveguides. Phase regeneration is performed with different levels of phase noise and constant amplitude noise added to the phase modulated input. We experimentally show that, for moderate phase noise, unwanted phase-to-amplitude noise conversion can be minimized without degradation of the phase squeezing performance, by controlling the signal-to-pump power ratio at the input to the PPLN-based phase-sensitive regenerator.