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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Quantum vortex microscope for observing two-dimensional vortex dynamics in Bose-Einstein condensates

Kali Wilson, Joseph D. Lowney, Brian P. Anderson

Published Jun 5, 2014• 0 citations
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Abstract Understanding how two vortex dipoles interact with each other microscopically is helpful for understanding the dynamics of quantum turbulence in a two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC). We investigate the collision of two vortex dipoles propagating in opposite directions along parallel lines by numerically solving the two-dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii equation. By varying the impact parameter, we identify three general dynamical modes of the vortex dipoles in a homogeneous BEC, which are the vortex recombination mode, the encircling mode and the flyby mode. The existence of these three modes has been corroborated by numerical computations of the ordinary differential equations describing the vortex interactions. Furthermore, we show the corresponding parameter ranges for these modes.
Abstract Understanding quantum dynamics in a two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate relies on understanding how vortices interact with each other microscopically and with local imperfections of the potential which confines the condensate. Within a system consisting of many vortices, the trajectory of a vortex–antivortex pair is often scattered by a third vortex, an effect previously characterised. However, the natural question remains as to how much of this effect is due to the velocity induced by this third vortex and how much is due to the density inhomogeneity which it introduces. In this work, we describe the various qualitative scenarios which occur when a vortex–antivortex pair interacts with a smooth density impurity whose profile is identical to that of a vortex but lacks the circulation around it.