Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Nanophotonic atomic-frequency-comb quantum memory based on a rare-earth doped photonic crystal cavity

Tian Zhong, Jonathan M. Kindem, Jake Rochman, John G. Bartholomew, Andrei Faraon

Published Jan 1, 2017• 0 citations

Abstract

We demonstrate an efficient atomic frequency comb quantum memory based on an impedance-matched nanophotonic cavity fabricated in an Nd doped YVO crystal. Storage of time-bin qubits with 97% fidelity is achieved.

DOI: 10.1364/cleo_qels.2017.fw1e.3

Related papers

On-chip quantum storage in a rare-earth-doped photonic nanocavity

Tian Zhong, Jonathan M. Kindem, Jake Rochman +4 more

Rare-earth-ion doped crystals are state-of-the-art materials for optical quantum memories and quantum transducers between optical and microwave photons. Here we describe our progress towards a nanophotonic quantum memory based on a rare-earth (Neodymium) doped yttrium orthosilicate (YSO) photonic crystal resonator. The Purcell-enhanced coupling of the 883 nm transitions of Neodymium (Nd3+) ions to the nano-resonator results in increased optical depth, which could in principle facilitate highly efficient photon storage via cavity impedance matching. The atomic frequency comb (AFC) memory protocol can be implemented in the Nd:YSO nano-resonator by efficient optical pumping into the long-lived Zeeman state. Coherent optical signals can be stored and retrieved from the AFC memory. We currently measure a storage efficiency on par with a bulk crystal Nd:YSO memory that is millimeters long. Our results will enable multiplexed on-chip quantum storage and thus quantum repeater devices using rare-earth-ions.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIEMar 16, 20165 citations

Nanophotonic rare-earth quantum memory with optically controlled retrieval

Tian Zhong, Jonathan M. Kindem, John G. Bartholomew +11 more

Optical quantum memories are essential elements in quantum networks for long-distance distribution of quantum entanglement. Scalable development of quantum network nodes requires on-chip qubit storage functionality with control of the readout time. We demonstrate a high-fidelity nanophotonic quantum memory based on a mesoscopic neodymium ensemble coupled to a photonic crystal cavity. The nanocavity enables >95% spin polarization for efficient initialization of the atomic frequency comb memory and time bin-selective readout through an enhanced optical Stark shift of the comb frequencies. Our solid-state memory is integrable with other chip-scale photon source and detector devices for multiplexed quantum and classical information processing at the network nodes.

ScienceAug 31, 2017341 citations

Towards an efficient nanophotonic platform integrating quantum memories and single qubits based on rare-earth ions

Tian Zhong, Jonathan M. Kindem, John G. Bartholomew +4 more

The integration of rare-earth ions in an on-chip photonic platform would enable quantum repeaters and scalable quantum networks. While ensemble-based quantum memories have been routinely realized, implementing single rare-earth ion qubit remains an outstanding challenge due to its weak photoluminescence. Here we demonstrate a nanophotonic platform consisting of yttrium vanadate (YVO) photonic crystal nanobeam resonators coupled to a spectrally dilute ensemble of Nd ions. The cavity acts as a memory when prepared with spectral hole burning, meanwhile it permits addressing of single ions when high-resolution spectroscopy is employed. For quantum memory, atomic frequency comb (AFC) protocol was implemented in a 50 ppm Nd:YVO nanocavity cooled to 480 mk. The high-fidelity quantum storage of time-bin qubits is demonstrated with a 80% efficient WSi superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD). The small mode volume of the cavity results in a peak atomic spectral density of <10 ions per homogeneous linewidth, suitable for probing single ions when detuned from the center of the inhomogeneous distribution. The high-cooperativity coupling of a single ion yields a strong signature (20%) in the cavity reection spectrum, which could be detected by our efficient SNSPD. We estimate a signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 10 for addressing a single Nd ion with its 879.7nm transition. This, combines with the AFC memory, constitutes a promising platform for preparation, storage and detection of rare-earth qubits on the same ship.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIEFeb 20, 20170 citations

Efficient cavity-assisted storage of photonic qubits in a solid-state quantum memory

Stefano Duranti, Sören Wengerowsky, Leo Feldmann +3 more

We report on the high-efficiency storage and retrieval of weak coherent optical pulses and photonic qubits in a cavity-enhanced solid-state quantum memory. By using an atomic frequency comb (AFC) memory in a Pr 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 crystal embedded in an impedance-matched cavity, we stored weak coherent pulses at the single photon level with up to 62% efficiency for a pre-determined storage time of 2 µs. We also confirmed that the impedance-matched cavity enhances the efficiency for longer storage times up to 70 µs. Harnessing the temporal multimodality of the AFC scheme, we stored weak coherent time-bin qubits with a record (51 ± 2%) efficiency and a fidelity over (94.8 ± 1.4)%, limited by imperfections in the qubits creation and measurement.

arXiv:2307.03509Optics ExpressJul 8, 202430 citations

An Atomic Frequency Comb Memory in Rare-Earth-Doped Thin-Film Lithium Niobate

Subhojit Dutta, Yuqi Zhao, Uday Saha +3 more

Quantum memories are a key building block for optical quantum computers and quantum networks. Rare-earth ion-doped crystals are a promising material to achieve quantum memory using an atomic frequency comb protocol. However, current atomic frequency comb memories typically use bulk materials or waveguides with large cross sections or rely on fabrication techniques not easily adaptable to wafer scale processing. Here, we demonstrate a compact chip-integrated atomic frequency comb in rare-earth-doped thin-film lithium niobate. Our optical memory exhibits a broad storage bandwidth exceeding 100 MHz and optical storage time as long as 250 ns. The enhanced optical confinement in this device leads to three orders of magnitude reduction in optical power required for a coherent control as compared to ion-diffused waveguides. These compact atomic frequency comb memories pave the way toward scalable, highly efficient, electro-optically tunable quantum photonic systems that can store and manipulate light on a compact chip.

ACS PhotonicsMar 24, 202325 citations

Nanophotonic Quantum Memory Based on Rare-Earth-Ions Coupled to an Optical Resonator

Tian Zhong, Jonathan M. Kindem, Evan Miyazono +1 more

We demonstrate optical photon storage in a Nd:YSO nano-resonator using multi-mode stimulated photon echo and atomic frequency comb protocols. Current results indicate strong prospects for on-chip nanophotonic quantum memories using rare-earth-ions.

Jan 1, 20153 citations