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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Inhomogeneous broadening of optical transitions of $^{87}$Rb atoms in nanofiber-based optical lattices

J. Lee, Jeffrey A. Grover, Jennifer E. Hoffman, Pablo Solano, Luis A. Orozco, S. L. Rolston

Published Jun 4, 2014• 0 citations
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Abstract We experimentally demonstrate optical trapping of atoms using a two-color evanescent field around an optical nanofiber. In our trapping geometry, a blue-detuned traveling wave whose polarization is nearly parallel to the polarization of a red-detuned standing wave produces significant vector light shifts that lead to broadening of the absorption profile of a near-resonant beam at the trapping site. A model that includes scalar, vector, and tensor light shifts of the probe transition - from the trapping beams, weighted by the temperature-dependent position of the atoms in the trap, qualitatively describes the observed asymmetric profile and explains differences with previous experiments that used Cs atoms. The model provides a consistent way to extract the number of atoms in the trap.

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Inhomogeneous broadening of optical transitions of 87^{87}87Rb atoms in nanofiber-based optical lattices
Non-linear optics in cold 87^{\mathrm{87}}87Rb atoms at ultralow powers via an optical nanofiber
Abstract We experimentally demonstrate optical trapping of atoms using a two-color evanescent field around an optical nanofiber. In our trapping geometry, a blue-detuned traveling wave whose polarization is nearly parallel to the polarization of a red-detuned standing wave produces significant vector light shifts that lead to broadening of the absorption profile of a near-resonant beam at the trapping site. A model that includes scalar, vector, and tensor light shifts of the probe transition - from the trapping beams, weighted by the temperature-dependent position of the atoms in the trap, qualitatively describes the observed asymmetric profile and explains differences with previous experiments that used Cs atoms. The model provides a consistent way to extract the number of atoms in the trap.
Abstract We report our theoretical and experimental study on how the motional states of an atom trapped in a 1D optical lattice modify its hyperfine transition. We calculate and measure the inhomogeneously broadened line shape of a transition from the ∣ 5 S 1 / 2 , F = 1 , m F = 1 〉 state to the ∣ 5 S 1 / 2 , F = 2 , m F = 2 〉 state of 87 Rb atoms in a lattice with various elliptic polarizations, and find excellent agreement. The atoms are at a temperature below 10 μ K, and the well depth at an antinode is 100 μ K. For the line shape calculation, we develop an efficient formula that allows us to evaluate the Franck–Condon factor from the 3D motional states accurately with a motional quantum number of as high as 1600. Precise spectroscopic measurements are conducted using evaporatively cooled atoms in a 980 nm lattice formed by a Fabry–Perot cavity placed inside a two-layer magnetic shield. Our results show how the broadening and decoherence of a ground hyperfine transition are related with the motional states. Inversely, our results can be applied to develop schemes to manipulate the motional states by using an inhomogeneously broadened hyperfine transition. As an example, we discuss the radio-frequency induced evaporative cooling in an optical lattice with a fixed well depth.
We report an analysis of the inhomogeneous broadening of the excitation spectrum of a three-dimensional (3D) Mott insulator (MI) due to the presence of weak disorder. We present a theoretical model predicting the modification in the spectrum and compare the results to the experimental data obtained for a system of ultracold 87 Rb atoms in a 3D optical lattice, where quasi-disorder is added by means of an auxiliary 1D optical lattice with non-commensurate wavelength. The model shows good agreement with the measured points, confirming a significant broadening of the MI spectrum resonances even for a very small height of the disordering potential.