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Surface traps for neutral atoms based on a transparent rewritable magnetic film

Thomas Lindvall, A. Jaakkola, Andriy Shevchenko, M. Heiliö, Markus Hautakorpi, Mikko Merimaa, M. Kaivola, Ilkka Juhani Tittonen

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
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We theoretically evaluate changes in the magnetic potential arising from the magnetic field near superconducting thin films. An example of an atom chip based on a three-wire configuration has been simulated in the superconducting and the normal conducting state. Inhomogeneous current densities within the superconducting wires were calculated using an energy-minimization routine based on the London theory. The Meissner effect causes changes to both trap position and oscillation frequencies at short distances from the superconducting surface. Superconducting wires produce much shallower microtraps than normal conducting wires. The results presented in this paper demonstrate the importance of taking the Meissner effect into account when designing and carrying out experiments on magnetically trapped neutral atoms near superconducting surfaces.
An alternative technique is proposed to create microscopic atom traps loaded with atoms from a gravito-optical surface trap (GOT), which is composed of an evanescent-wave mirror and a vertically aligned hollow laser beam. Our trap design is based on the use of current-carrying transparent conductors and transparent permanent magnets fabricated on the surface of a glass prism in the form of an internal structure of a refractive-index-matched thin dielectric film. The conductors can be fabricated of indium tin oxide (ITO) and the magnets of yttrium iron garnet (YIG). Different kinds of traps may be envisaged: i) spin-independent electro-optical ii) magneto-optical for either high- or low-field seeking atoms, and iii) purely magnetic for atoms in the low-field seeking states. In case iii), the magnetic-field minimum is located far enough from the film surface to make the contribution of the optical field negligible.