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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Phase Diagram of a Quantum Ising Model with Long-Range Interactions

David Cecil Smith, Spencer Leeper, Christopher N. Varney

Published Mar 13, 2017• 0 citations
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To gain a better understanding of the interplay between frustrated long-range interactions and zero-temperature quantum fluctuations, we investigate the ground-state phase diagram of the transverse-field Ising model with algebraically decaying long-range Ising interactions on quasi-one-dimensional infinite-cylinder triangular lattices. Technically, we apply various approaches including low- and high-field series expansions. For the classical long-range Ising model, we investigate cylinders with an arbitrary even circumference. We show the occurrence of gapped stripe-ordered phases emerging out of the infinitely degenerate nearest-neighbor Ising ground-state space on the two-dimensional triangular lattice. Further, while cylinders with circumferences 6, 10, 14, etc., are always in the same stripe phase for any decay exponent of the long-range Ising interaction, the family of cylinders with circumferences 4, 8, 12, etc., displays a phase transition between two different types of stripe structures. For the full long-range transverse-field Ising model, we concentrate on cylinders with circumference four and six. The ground-state phase diagram consists of several quantum phases in both cases including an xxx-polarized phase, stripe-ordered phases, and clock-ordered phases which emerge from an order-by-disorder scenario already present in the nearest-neighbor model. In addition, the generic presence of a potential intermediate gapless phase with algebraic correlations and associated Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions is discussed for both cylinders.
Obtaining quantitative ground-state behavior for geometrically-frustrated quantum magnets with long-range interactions is challenging for numerical methods. Here, we demonstrate that the ground states of these systems on two-dimensional lattices can be efficiently obtained using state-of-the-art translation-invariant variants of matrix product states and density-matrix renormalization-group algorithms. We use these methods to calculate the fully-quantitative ground-state phase diagram of the long-range interacting triangular Ising model with a transverse field on six-leg infinite-length cylinders and scrutinize the properties of the detected phases. We compare these results with those of the corresponding nearest neighbor model. Our results suggest that, for such long-range Hamiltonians, the long-range quantum fluctuations always lead to long-range correlations, where correlators exhibit power-law decays instead of the conventional exponential drops observed for short-range correlated gapped phases. Our results are relevant for comparisons with recent ion-trap quantum simulator experiments that demonstrate highly-controllable long-range spin couplings for several hundred ions.