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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Manipulating trapped ions with ultrafast laser pulses to generate mesoscopic states and entanglement

Steven A. Moses, David Wong-Campos, K. G. Johnson, Jonathan Mizrahi, Christopher R. Monroe

Published Jun 7, 2017• 0 citations
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Ultrafast spin-phonon entanglement based on spin-dependent momentum kicks (SDKs) provides an approach to realize fast entangling gates with intrinsic robustness and scalability for trapped ion quantum computing. Such SDKs so far have been implemented on a nanosecond timescale by off-resonant Raman transitions where each laser pulse is split into a sequence of perturbation pulses with carefully designed temporal patterns. Here we report an experimental realization of ultrafast qubit manipulation and spin-phonon entanglement in picoseconds using SDKs from single resonant laser pulses on the magnetic-field-insensitive hyperfine qubit states. This experiment demonstrates a convenient approach to ultrafast SDKs on noise-insensitive ion-spin qubits, with improvement in its speed by more than an order of magnitude. It removes the need to engineer the pattern of a sequence of perturbation pulses and is less vulnerable to noise, simplifying the approach to large-scale trapped-ion quantum computing based on fast quantum gates with SDKs.
All of the essential elements for a trapped ion quantum computer have been demonstrated in previous experiments. There are, however, many technical challenges to scaling the number of quantum bits from the current state-of-the-art (about 8) to the number of qubits needed for practical quantum computing. Although there is experimental evidence supporting one possible method (using cw laser pulses and common motional modes as the ion interaction) for deterministic ion entanglement, it is not known if that will ultimately be the most practical method for building a large-scale quantum computer. One model for scalable quantum computing with trapped ions calls for large interconnected arrays of small traps. Several advancements reported in this work include the development of three layer alumina traps as well as MEMS fabricated microtraps. Other models for scalable trapped ion quantum computing do not call for local entanglement or call for relaxed constraints on the motional control of the ions. These proposals require the use of ultrafast laser pulses interacting with the ions. This work reviews several experiments that explore the interaction between the ultrafast laser and single tripped ions including early indication of ultrafast control and entanglement between a single ion and a single photon frequency qubit.