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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Microwave Reentrant Cavities for Quantum Devices

Natália C. Carvalho, Jeremy Bourhill, Daniel Lloyd Creedon, Maxim Goryachev, Serge Galliou, Michael Edmund Tobar

Published Mar 14, 2016• 0 citations
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This thesis undertakes new investigations with respect to hybrid systems that interacts microwave radiation with spin and phonons. In this work, YSO and YAP samples had their permittivity tensor characterized with YAP subjected to an electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Furthermore, reentrant cavities were explored to promote the interaction of photons with different physical systems. Hence, a piezoelectric controlled cavity was developed and upgraded to a superconducting tunable device, and a parametric transducer based on optomechanical coupling was tested. Finally, an optoacoustic device was built allowing the coupling between photons and phonons in a quartz bulk acoustic wave resonator.
In the context of engineered quantum systems, there is a demand for superconducting tunable devices able to operate with high Q-factors at power levels equivalent to only a few photons. In this work, we developed a 3D microwave reentrant cavity with such characteristics ready to provide a very fine-tuning of a high-Q resonant mode over a large dynamic range. This system has an electronic tuning mechanism based on a mechanically amplified piezoelectric actuator, which controls the resonator dominant mode frequency by changing the cavity narrow gap by very small displacements. Experiments were conducted at room and dilution refrigerator temperatures showing a large dynamic range up to 4 GHz and 1 GHz, respectively, and were compared to a FEM model simulated data. At elevated microwave power input, nonlinear thermal effects were observed to destroy the superconductivity of the cavity due to the large electric fields generated in the small gap of the reentrant cavity.
Hardware-efficient methods for high-fidelity quantum state measurements are crucial for superconducting qubit experiments, as qubit numbers grow and feedback and state reset begin to be employed for quantum error correction. We present a three-dimensional reentrant-cavity filter designed for frequency-multiplexed readout of superconducting qubits. The cavity filter is situated out of the plane of the qubit circuit and capacitively couples to an array of on-chip readout resonators in a manner that can scale to large qubit arrays. The reentrant cavity functions as a large-linewidth bandpass filter with intrinsic Purcell filtering. We demonstrate the concept with a four-qubit multiplexed device in which we achieve an average readout fidelity of 98.6% and measurement-induced crosstalk dephasing rates below 0.15 kHz.