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Quantum Information and Measurement (QIM)

Coherent control of light transport in 1D-array of cold atoms: a microscopic approach

A. S. Sheremet, Neil Corzo, Aveek Chandra, Jérémy Raskop, Julien Laurat, Dmitriy V. Kupriyanov

Published Jan 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show how the cooperativity and dipole-dipole interaction of atoms affect the process of light propagation under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in 1D-array of trapped atoms closed to a nanofiber waveguide.
DOI
10.1364/qim.2017.qt6a.43

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Summary form only given. Developing light-matter interfaces is a crucial capability with unique applications to quantum optics and quantum information networks [1]. In this context, our group focuses on the study of interactions between photons guided by nanoscale waveguides and arrays of trapped atoms. Nanoscale waveguides offer a compelling platform because of the tight transverse confinement of the propagating light, the strong photon-atom coupling in single pass, and the potential long-range atom-atom interaction mediated by the guided photons [2]. Our platform, based on an optical nanofiber, already allowed the demonstration of an all-fibered optical memory with a storage and retrieval efficiency ri = 10% and a high SNR at the single photon level [3]. Then, by using an optical lattice in the evanescent field surrounding the nanofiber with a period close to commensurate with the resonant wavelength, we demonstrated large Bragg reflection by the 1D array of trapped atoms [4].
We examine electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an ensemble of cold $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-type atoms induced by a quantum control field in multimode coherent states and compare it with the transparency created by the classical light of the same intensity. We show that the perfect coincidence is achieved only in the case of a single-mode coherent state, whereas the transparency sharply decreases, when the number of the modes exceeds the mean number of control photons in the medium. The origin of the effect is the modification of photon statistics in the control field with increasing the number of the modes that weakens its interaction with atoms resulting in a strong probe absorption. For the same reason, the probe pulse transforms from EIT-based slow light into superluminal propagation caused by the absorption.
Complete control of light-matter interactions at a single quantum level is critical for quantum science applications such as precision measurements and information processing. Nanophotonic devices, developed with recent advancements in nanofabrication techniques, can be used to tailor the interactions between single photons and atoms. One example of such a device is the optical nanofibre, which provides an excellent platform due to the strongly confined transverse light fields, long interaction length, low loss, and diverse optical modes. This facilitates a strong interaction between atoms and guided light, revealing chiral atom-light processes and the prospect of waveguide quantum electrodynamics. This work highlights recent advances on optical nanofiber mediated excitation of cold rubidium Rydberg atoms for the creation of a 1D Rydberg array.
Light transport in a dense and disordered cold atomic ensemble, where the cooperation of atomic dipoles essentially modifies their coupling with the radiation modes, offers an alternative approach to light-matter interfacing protocols. Here, we show how the cooperativity and quasistatic dipole interaction affect the process of light propagation under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We perform comparative analysis of the self-consistent approach with ab initio microscopic calculations and emphasize the role of the interatomic interaction in the dipoles' dynamics. Our results show that in such a dense and strongly disordered system the EIT-based light storage protocol stays relatively insensitive to configuration variations and can be obtained with essentially fewer atoms than are normally needed for dilute systems.
We investigate the single-photon propagation in the one-dimensional waveguide coupled to NNN two-level atoms. For a waveguide coupled to NNN distant atoms, the transparency can be induced by coherent interaction at resonance for an eveneveneven numbernumbernumber of NNN, while for an oddoddodd numbernumbernumber of NNN, the photon can be fully reflected. We then can switch the photon transport by controlling the atomic number. For a waveguide coupled to a small atomic ensemble of NNN atoms in the same position, the transparency disappears, and the photonic transport property displays a jump behavior near the resonance point.