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Quantum Information and Measurement (QIM)

Rotation Angular Measurement beyond Quantum Noise Limit with an Orbital Angular Position Squeezed State

Chunxiao Cai, Kui Liu, Jiangrui Gao

Published Jan 1, 2017• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The rotation angular measurement beyond the quantum noise limit based on orbital angular position squeezed beam was demonstrated. An improvement of a factor of 1.4 was achieved over the quantum noise limited coherent state.
DOI
10.1364/qim.2017.qf3a.5

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Aided by quantum sources, quantum metrology helps to enhance measurement precision. Here, we introduce a method to enhance the measurement of a rotation angle. As a proof of principle, assisted by a quantum state called the squeezed orbital-angular-position (OAP) state and balance homodyne detection, we demonstrate in experiments 3 dB-enhanced measurements of a rotation-angle beyond the shot noise limit. A precision of up to 17.7 nrad/Hz is obtained. Furthermore, we discuss means to further improve the measurement with a high-order precision OAP squeezed state. The method holds promise for future practical applications, such as in high-sensitive Sagnac interferometry.
Quantum metrology enables us to estimate optical phase shifts beyond the shot noise limit. Applications include quantum-enhanced biological measurement [1], microscopy [2] and gravitational wave detection[3]. For two-mode N-photon system, the NOON state can achieve the highest possible phase sensitivity where multi-photon coherence between two states significantly contributes to improving the phase sensitivity. Another alternative approach to improve the phase sensitivity by use of squeezed states. Squeezing is usually characterized by reducing the quantum noise of desired observable at the expense of increasing the quantum noise for its non-commute partner. Because shot-noise limits the phase sensitivity of any classical states, the reduced quantum noise can be used for improving the phase sensitivity. Here we experimentally study the phase sensitivity of an optical spin-squeezed state by using linear optics. We generated the optical spin-squeezed state using one photon subtraction from a down converted photon source. To implement the sub-shot noise measurement, we used multiplexed photon number resolving detectors so that we can reconstruct the photon number statistics of the state. In the talk, we will analyse the generated state in terms of both squeezing and phase sensitivity by using Fisher information.
Abstract Coherent superposition and squeezing are the main characteristics of even coherent states, which indicates even coherent states possessing extensive application prospect. In this paper, we propose a quantum strategy which exploits even coherent states with nonzero orbital angular momentum as the input and parity detection for signal processing method in angular rotation measurement. In this manner, the signal peak of the proposed strategy is narrower than that of the existing intensity detection method and gives 100% visibility relative to the projection measurement scheme. More importantly, the proposed scheme obtains 2-fold resolution improvement compared with that of coherent states strategy. Additionally, the effect of the phase instability is investigated and then the physical essence of that resolution improvement is detailed.
Abstract By the example of an optical gyroscope scheme, a new method for improving the accuracy of phase measurements is considered. In the rotation-recording Mach – Zehnder interferometer, a two-mode squeezed vacuum is used as an input state. This does not allow realising the traditional scheme, since the average value of the difference signal at the output is always zero. However, it is shown that information about the magnitude of the rotation angular velocity of the instrument reference frame is contained in the noise level of the difference signal. The possibility of reaching the Heisenberg limit of the measurement accuracy is demonstrated.