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Journal of Optics

Resolution improvement of angular rotation measurement through even coherent states coupled with parity detection strategy

Lili Hao, Hongxia Tang, Qiang Wang

Published Jan 2, 2020• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Coherent superposition and squeezing are the main characteristics of even coherent states, which indicates even coherent states possessing extensive application prospect. In this paper, we propose a quantum strategy which exploits even coherent states with nonzero orbital angular momentum as the input and parity detection for signal processing method in angular rotation measurement. In this manner, the signal peak of the proposed strategy is narrower than that of the existing intensity detection method and gives 100% visibility relative to the projection measurement scheme. More importantly, the proposed scheme obtains 2-fold resolution improvement compared with that of coherent states strategy. Additionally, the effect of the phase instability is investigated and then the physical essence of that resolution improvement is detailed.

DOI
10.1088/2040-8986/ab66ce

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Abstract Coherent superposition and squeezing are the main characteristics of even coherent states, which indicates even coherent states possessing extensive application prospect. In this paper, we propose a quantum strategy which exploits even coherent states with nonzero orbital angular momentum as the input and parity detection for signal processing method in angular rotation measurement. In this manner, the signal peak of the proposed strategy is narrower than that of the existing intensity detection method and gives 100% visibility relative to the projection measurement scheme. More importantly, the proposed scheme obtains 2-fold resolution improvement compared with that of coherent states strategy. Additionally, the effect of the phase instability is investigated and then the physical essence of that resolution improvement is detailed.
Photon orbital angular momentum has led to many novel insights and applications in quantum measurement. Photon orbital angular momentum can increase the resolution and sensitivity of angular rotation measurement. However, quantum measurement strategy can further surpass this limit and improve the resolution of angular rotation measurement. This Letter proposes and demonstrates a parity measurement method in angular rotation measurement scheme for the first time. Parity measurement can make the resolution superior to the limit of the existing method. The sensitivity can be improved with higher orbital angular momentum photons. Moreover, this Letter gives a detailed discussion of the change of resolution and sensitivity in the presence of photon loss.
There has been much recent interest in high precision angular rotation measurement using photon orbital angular momentum to realize super-resolving angular rotation measurement. It is well known that quantum detection strategies can obtain a quantum-enhanced performance. Here, we prove that binary-outcome homodyne detection method can obtain a narrower signal peak, showing better resolution compared with the existing data processing method. Since the photon loss is unavoidable in the actual non-ideal optical system, this paper further discusses the impact of photon loss on the resolution and sensitivity of angular rotation measurement with binary-outcome homodyne detection method.
Abstract High-precision refractive index measurement has become a research hotspot in recent years. However, traditional refractive index measurement often adopts intensity detection, whose performance is restricted by the classical detection limit and is thus hard to improve further. In order to break through this limitation, we propose a quantum-enhanced refractive index sensing scheme utilizing even-coherent-state sources in combination with parity detection. In this paper, we analyze the detection performance of the proposed system. Due to the inevitable photon loss in practical applications, the effects of photon loss on resolution and sensitivity are also investigated. Numerical results show that the resolution of the proposed strategy breaks through the Rayleigh limit and achieves super-resolving refractive index measurement. Relative to existing coherent-state schemes, our strategy leads to a twofold resolution improvement. Furthermore, the physical origins of the super-resolution are analyzed.
Abstract In order to realize the enhancement of angular rotation measurement sensitivity, a new scheme based on an SU(1,1) interferometer with intensity sum detection has been proposed. A coherent beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) enters into the SU(1,1) interferometer where the Dove prisms are inserted. By taking full advantage of the two outports and employing intensity sum detection, the angular rotation measurement sensitivity can be enhanced by higher gain, photon number and OAM. Meanwhile, resolution can be improved while the pump beam carries OAM. The angular rotation measurement sensitivity of the SU(1,1) interferometer can beat standard quantum limit 1 / ( 2 l N ), and it still can be optimal when photon depletion inside this interferometer is the same.
Abstract We theoretically explore the angular rotation measurement sensitivity of SU(1,1) interferometers with a coherent beam and a vacuum beam input by using orbital angular momentum (OAM). Compared with the OAM in an SU(2) interferometer, the SU(1,1) interferometer employing homodyne detection can further surpass the angular rotation shot noise limit 1 2 l N and improve the resolution and sensitivity of angular rotation measurement. Two models are considered, one is that OAM is carried by a probe beam and the other one is a pump beam with the OAM. The sensitivity can be improved by higher OAM and nonlinear process with a large gain. The resolution can be enhanced in the case that the pump beam has OAM. Moreover, we present a brief discussion on the variation of resolution and sensitivity in the presence of photon loss.
The polarization of the light is an excellent information carrier, but polarization information of coherent state in the quantum measurement of the past has not been clearly expressed. We refer to some ideas of quantum computation and quantum information, considering the polarization mode of the electromagnetic field to describe polarization information of a coherent state. And on this basis we put forward a polarization rotation angle measurement device based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and two polarizers. We also consider the intensity detection, parity detection and Z detection as detection strategies. The results show that this device can realize the super-resolution and shot noise limit with parity detection and Z detection. By simulation analysis, we finally find parity detection is the best method for our scheme, and we also discuss the effects of some parameters on sensitivity and resolution with parity detection.