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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Preparing and probing few-atom number states with an atom interferometer

Benjamin L. Brown, Jennifer Sebby-Strabley, Marco Anderlini, Patricia J. Lee, Philip Johnson, William D. Phillips, Trey Porto

Published Jun 7, 2007• 0 citations
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The presented thesis describes the setting up of an inertial sensitive atom interferometer for navigation using Rubidium 87 atoms, which is able to perform horizontal acceleration measurement. An ultra-high vacuum interferometer chamber is designed and built. The cold atoms are prepared in a compact 2D MOT setup and loaded into the main MOT. These atoms are then cooled down to few K and prepared in a magnetically insensitive ground state using a sequence of optical and microwave pulses, after which atoms are selected in a narrow band of the velocity. A three-pulse Mach-Zehnder ( pi/2 -pi-pi/2) interferometer using stimulated Raman transitions is used to measure the horizontal acceleration. To improve the sensitivity to acceleration, the fringe contrast of the interferometer requires to be optimised. By investigating the intensity profile of the Raman beams using atoms, a procedure is developed to operate the interferometer in an improved condition, which is able to enhance the fringe contrast by a factor of 3. This procedure improves the shot-to-shot sensitivity of the interferometer below 5 um/s^2. In addition, the atom interferometer is compared with a classical state-of-the-art accelerometer.

•Sep 1, 2019•2 citations
We describe the controlled loading and measurement of number-squeezed states and Poisson states of atoms in individual sites of a double well optical lattice. These states are input to an atom interferometer that is realized by symmetrically splitting individual lattice sites into double wells, allowing atoms in individual sites to evolve independently. The two paths then interfere, creating a matter-wave double-slit diffraction pattern. The time evolution of the double-slit diffraction pattern is used to measure the number statistics of the input state. The flexibility of our double well lattice provides a means to detect the presence of empty lattice sites, an important and so far unmeasured factor in determining the purity of a Mott state.
The presented thesis describes the setting up of an inertial sensitive atom interferometer for navigation using Rubidium 87 atoms, which is able to perform horizontal acceleration measurement. An ultra-high vacuum interferometer chamber is designed and built. The cold atoms are prepared in a compact 2D MOT setup and loaded into the main MOT. These atoms are then cooled down to few K and prepared in a magnetically insensitive ground state using a sequence of optical and microwave pulses, after which atoms are selected in a narrow band of the velocity. A three-pulse Mach-Zehnder ( pi/2 -pi-pi/2) interferometer using stimulated Raman transitions is used to measure the horizontal acceleration. To improve the sensitivity to acceleration, the fringe contrast of the interferometer requires to be optimised. By investigating the intensity profile of the Raman beams using atoms, a procedure is developed to operate the interferometer in an improved condition, which is able to enhance the fringe contrast by a factor of 3. This procedure improves the shot-to-shot sensitivity of the interferometer below 5 um/s^2. In addition, the atom interferometer is compared with a classical state-of-the-art accelerometer.