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Time Evolution of Freely Expanded Bose-Einstein Condensates Containing Small Numbers of Atoms

De-Sheng Hong, K. H. Huang, Tsin-Fu Jiang +1 more

We investigate the time evolution of freely expanded Bose-Einstein condensates by measuring their aspect ratios at different times after their release from a magnetic trap. In these measurements the condensates contain no more than 9000 87Rb atoms. By varying the trapping frequency and atom number, we measure the condensate aspect ratios at different expansion times in free space. We compare our measurements with those calculated from the Thomas-Fermi model and a direct numerical solution. Under our trapping condition, the data of the time dependent aspect ratios of the freely expanded condensates reasonably agrees with the numerical calculations, but shows a clear deviation from the predictions of the Thomas-Fermi model when the atom number in the condensates is small.We investigate the time evolution of freely expanded Bose-Einstein condensates by measuring their aspect ratios at different times after their release from a magnetic trap. In these measurements the condensates contain no more than 9000 87Rb atoms. By varying the trapping frequency and atom number, we measure the condensate aspect ratios at different expansion times in free space. We compare our measurements with those calculated from the Thomas-Fermi model and a direct numerical solution. Under our trapping condition, the data of the time dependent aspect ratios of the freely expanded condensates reasonably agrees with the numerical calculations, but shows a clear deviation from the predictions of the Thomas-Fermi model when the atom number in the condensates is small.

Chinese Journal of PhysicsApr 1, 20070 citations

Determining the Time Evolution of Bose-Einstein Condensate

Merideth A. Frey

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyMar 5, 20070 citations

Dynamics of Bose-Einstein Condensates

Benjamin Schlein

arXiv:0704.0813New Trends in Mathematical PhysicsJan 1, 20097 citations

Free expansion of a quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensate with quantized vortices

Sang Won Seo, Jae-yoon Choi, Yong-il Shin

We observe that a density-depleted vortex core evolves into concentric density ripples in a freely expanding quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. The atomic density of the expanding condensate rapidly reduces due to the fast expansion along the tightly confining axial direction, and thus the transverse expansion of the condensate is not significantly affected by the atom-atom interactions. We find that the observed density profiles of the vortex cores are in good quantitative agreement with numerical simulations assuming no interactions. We analyze the defocused images of the vortex cores, where defocussing is caused by the free fall of the condensate during the expansion time. In the defocused images, the vortex core becomes magnified and appears to be filled after a certain expansion time which depends on the vortex charge number.We observe that a density-depleted vortex core evolves into concentric density ripples in a freely expanding quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. The atomic density of the expanding condensate rapidly reduces due to the fast expansion along the tightly confining axial direction, and thus the transverse expansion of the condensate is not significantly affected by the atom-atom interactions. We find that the observed density profiles of the vortex cores are in good quantitative agreement with numerical simulations assuming no interactions. We analyze the defocused images of the vortex cores, where defocussing is caused by the free fall of the condensate during the expansion time. In the defocused images, the vortex core becomes magnified and appears to be filled after a certain expansion time which depends on the vortex charge number.

May 21, 20130 citations

Free expansion of quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensates with quantized vortices

Sang Won Seo, Jae-yoon Choi, Yong-il Shin

We observe that a density-depleted vortex core evolves into concentric density ripples in a freely-expanding quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. The atomic density of the expanding condensate rapidly reduces due to the fast expansion along the tightly confined axial direction; thus, the transverse expansion of the condensate is not significantly affected by atom-atom interactions. We find that the observed density profiles of the vortex cores are in good quantitative agreement with numerical simulations assuming no interactions. We analyze the defocused images of the vortex cores, where defocussing is caused by the free fall of the condensate during the expansion time. In the defocused images, the vortex core becomes magnified and appears to be filled after a certain expansion time that depends on the vortex charge number.We observe that a density-depleted vortex core evolves into concentric density ripples in a freely-expanding quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. The atomic density of the expanding condensate rapidly reduces due to the fast expansion along the tightly confined axial direction; thus, the transverse expansion of the condensate is not significantly affected by atom-atom interactions. We find that the observed density profiles of the vortex cores are in good quantitative agreement with numerical simulations assuming no interactions. We analyze the defocused images of the vortex cores, where defocussing is caused by the free fall of the condensate during the expansion time. In the defocused images, the vortex core becomes magnified and appears to be filled after a certain expansion time that depends on the vortex charge number.

arXiv:1305.4689Journal of the Korean Physical SocietyJan 1, 20149 citations

Dynamics of Bose-Einstein Condensates

Wu‐Ming Liu

Dec 1, 20062 citations

Time Evolution of Freely Expanded Bose-Einstein Condensates Containing Small Numbers of Atoms

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