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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

A Quantum Optics Toolbox for Polyatomic Molecules

Martin Zeppenfeld, Barbara G. U. Englert, Rosa Glöckner, Alexander Prehn, Gerhard Rempe

Published Jun 7, 2012• 0 citations
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We report optical trapping of a polyatomic molecule, calcium monohydroxide (CaOH). CaOH molecules from a magneto-optical trap are sub-Doppler laser cooled to $20(3)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{K}$ in free space and loaded into an optical dipole trap. We attain an in-trap molecule number density of $3(1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{9}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ at a temperature of $57(8)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{K}$. Trapped CaOH molecules are optically pumped into an excited vibrational bending mode, whose $\ensuremath{\ell}$-type parity doublet structure is a potential resource for a wide range of proposed quantum science applications with polyatomic molecules. We measure the spontaneous, radiative lifetime of this bending mode state to be $\ensuremath{\sim}0.7\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{s}$.

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Optical Bloch equations and rate equations serve as powerful tools to model light-matter interactions from textbook-like two-level atoms to the complex internal dynamics of molecules. A particular challenge in this context is posed by molecular laser cooling, where many dozens or hundreds of levels need to be taken into account for a comprehensive modeling. Here, we present MoleCool, a numerically efficient Python toolbox to implement and solve the corresponding differential equation systems. We illustrate both the capabilities of the toolbox and some of the intricacies of molecular laser cooling by educational examples, which range from simple Rabi oscillations to spontaneous and coherent cooling schemes for various currently studied or considered molecular species. This includes, in particular, a comprehensive modeling of laser cooling dynamics with full hyperfine structure resolution in radioactive radium monofluoride (RaF), as well as studies of other complex species such as barium monofluoride (BaF) and ytterbium monohydroxide (YbOH).
We report optical trapping of a polyatomic molecule, calcium monohydroxide (CaOH). CaOH molecules from a magneto-optical trap are sub-Doppler laser cooled to $20(3)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{K}$ in free space and loaded into an optical dipole trap. We attain an in-trap molecule number density of $3(1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{9}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ at a temperature of $57(8)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{K}$. Trapped CaOH molecules are optically pumped into an excited vibrational bending mode, whose $\ensuremath{\ell}$-type parity doublet structure is a potential resource for a wide range of proposed quantum science applications with polyatomic molecules. We measure the spontaneous, radiative lifetime of this bending mode state to be $\ensuremath{\sim}0.7\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{s}$.