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International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery (CyberC)

Secure Transmission of Amplify-and-Forward Relay System with Hybrid Sending Signals

Bin Yang, Xinyu Li

Published Oct 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The communication process of a secure relay system usually has two stages: source to relay, relay to destination. When the source is only equipped with one antenna, the information transmission is not secure during the first stage. In this paper, we propose a novel three-stage scheme to transmit confidential messages in an amplify-and-forward (AF) relay system. In the proposal, during the additional stage all the relays independently send artificial interference signals to the source. Then in the next stage, the sending signals of the source node are mixed with both the confidential messages and the interference signals received in the first stage. Finally the relays forward the hybrid signals to the destination node, and cancel the interference signals simultaneously. Since the sending signals are hybrid, all the three stages are secure in the proposed scheme, even when the eavesdropper is located very close to the source, positive secrecy rate of the system can still be achieved. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme has much better near-field performance than the traditional secure relay communication schemes.

DOI
10.1109/cyberc.2016.91

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The communication process of a secure relay system usually has two stages: source to relay, relay to destination. When the source is only equipped with one antenna, the information transmission is not secure during the first stage. In this paper, we propose a novel three-stage scheme to transmit confidential messages in an amplify-and-forward (AF) relay system. In the proposal, during the additional stage all the relays independently send artificial interference signals to the source. Then in the next stage, the sending signals of the source node are mixed with both the confidential messages and the interference signals received in the first stage. Finally the relays forward the hybrid signals to the destination node, and cancel the interference signals simultaneously. Since the sending signals are hybrid, all the three stages are secure in the proposed scheme, even when the eavesdropper is located very close to the source, positive secrecy rate of the system can still be achieved. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme has much better near-field performance than the traditional secure relay communication schemes.
In this article, a new relay-aided secure communication system is investigated, where a transmitter sends signals to a destination via an amplify-and-forward (AF) relay in the presence of an eavesdropper. We consider a general system configuration, where the source, relay, destination, and eavesdropper are all equipped with multiple antennas. In the practical scenarios of unknown eavesdropper's channel state information (CSI) and uncertainty of the eavesdropper's location, we aim to maximize the expected value of the system secrecy rate over the presumed distribution of the eavesdropper's channels, by exploiting the artificial noise (AN) transmitted by the source and relay nodes. The system design issue is formulated as a nonconvex stochastic optimization problem with a source transmission power constraint and a nonconvex relay transmission power constraint. A novel computational method is proposed to solve this challenging problem. The new method is developed based on an exact penalty function method together with a parallel stochastic decomposition algorithm. Numerical simulations are performed to study the effectiveness of the proposed scheme at various locations of the eavesdropper. Simulation results show that for most cases, secure communication can be achieved without the CSI knowledge of eavesdropper's channels, and the achievable secrecy rate follows the trend of a benchmark system where the eavesdropper's full CSI is available. In particular, the achievable system secrecy rate increases with the number of antennas at the legitimate users. Moreover, the optimal power allocated for the transmission of the AN increases with the system signal-to-noise ratio. The proposed computational method achieves a higher system secrecy rate than a conventional penalty function based approach.
An amplify-and-forward (AF) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay network composed of a source, a relay, and a destination is considered, where transmit beamforming is employed both at the source and at the relay. The relay is a user who is willing to help the communication from the source to the destination. In our paper, however, the relay is untrusted in the sense that it may make a passive security attack; that is, it may decode messages of the source. We consider two ways to transmit confidential information of the source to the destination: noncooperative secure beamforming and cooperative secure beamforming. In the noncooperative scheme, the relay is simply treated as an eavesdropper, and does not participate in communication. In the cooperative scheme, the relay is asked to relay signals from the source to the destination. In this paper, the source and relay beamforming is jointly designed to maximize the secrecy rate in the cooperative scheme. The conditions under which the cooperative scheme achieves a higher secrecy rate than the noncooperative scheme are derived in the low and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regimes of the source-relay and relay-destination links. The performance of the secure beamforming schemes is compared through extensive numerical simulations.
The two-stage physical layer security transmission scheme based on Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer and friendly jamming signals aided is proposed to solve the energy-constrained problem of signal processing and secure transmission issues of confidential information upon the multi-antenna relay systems. First, a multi-antenna relay system model based on the amplify-and-forward protocol is established. Then, Considering the scenario of multiple eavesdroppers and non-collusion eavesdropping, Analyzing the transmission process of system energy and information, the optimal transmission antenna selection strategy and the optimal jamming antenna selection strategy are respectively proposed in order to maximize the secrecy performance of the system. Next, the closed-form expressions of the system secrecy outage probability are derived. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulation method is applied to verify the correctness of the theoretical derivation, and the influence of parameters such as the transmit signal-to-noise ratio, power splitting factor and power allocation coefficient on the secrecy performance of the system is analyzed. The simulation results show that the proposed transmission scheme outperforms compared with the existing security transmission scheme.
In this paper the cooperation of beam-forming and artificial noise (AN) in two-hop amplify-and- forward (AF) relaying system is proposed to enhance the security. we consider a half duplex AF relaying network with a multi-antenna source node and a destination in the presence of a passive eavesdropper.Since channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropper is unknown, the AN transmitted by the source in the first phase and by the relays in the second phase is in all directions except the legitimate node one. As such two scenarios are considered here,: i) when all the relays amplify and forward the information source signal ii) when only the best relay is selected to amplify and forward the information source signal. The beam-former weights and the power allocation are obtained by solving an optimization problem. Results reveal that the proposed system can provide considerable improvements in terms of secrecy rate. It is also found that increasing the AN power, relative to the information signal power, will further improve the secrecy rate.
In this letter, we propose a novel scheme to improve physical layer security for amplify-and-forward (AF) relay networks with two-hop information leakage. Unlike traditional joint cooperative beamforming (CB) and cooperative jamming (CJ) design, where mere artificial noise (AN) is exploited by the jammers to degrade eavesdroppers' channels, in our proposed scheme, the jammers send AN along with the confidential signal to simultaneously confuse the eavesdroppers and enhance the quality of received signals at the destination. In particular, the CB vectors and AN covariance matrix are jointly optimized for the relays and jammers under individual power constraints. By decoupling this resultant design problem, suboptimal solutions are obtained using the semidefinite relaxation technique. Simulation results are also provided to demonstrate that the proposed scheme has an obvious advantage in enhancing the secrecy rate.
Full-duplex (FD) technique is very promising to support enormous data for 5G networks since it can greatly improve the spectrum efficiency. However, the secrecy performance of FD communication systems still remains largely unknown. As an initial step towards this end, this paper studies the physical layer security-based beamforming design in a FD two-way amplify-and-forward relay system, where two source nodes exchange messages with the assistance of an untrusted relay. The untrusted relay is willing to forward the messages and may also work as an eavesdropper to intercept the confidential messages. Our objective is to optimize the source and relay beamformers for maximizing the secrecy sum rate of the two-way communications with imperfect self-interference cancellation. For a specific system configuration, we first derive the expression of secrecy sum rate. By utilizing signal alignment technique and gradient method, we then propose two iterative algorithms to find the optimal source and relay beamforming matrices, respectively. Simulation results demonstrate that when the number of antennas at the relay is appropriate and the interference-to-noise ratio is in a low region the proposed FD scheme significantly improves the secrecy sum rate over conventional schemes.