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Uniform formalism for description of dynamic and stochastic systems

Yuri A. Rylov

Published Mar 28, 2006• 2 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The formalism of dynamics in the space-time, where motion of free particles is primordially stochastic, is considered. The conventional dynamic formalism, obtained for the space-time, where the motion of free particles is primordially deterministic, seems to be unsuitable. The statistical ensemble of stochastic (or deterministic) systems is considered to be the main object of dynamics. At such an approach one can describe deterministic, stochastic and quantum particles by means of the uniform technique. The quantum particle is described as a stochastic particle, i.e. without a reference to the quantum principles. Besides, by means of this technique one can describe classical inviscid fluid. There are four different versions of the formalism. One of versions uses equations, which describes evolution of the labelling (Lagrangian coordinates at fixed initial conditions for the density and the momentum density. These fixed initial conditions enter in the evolution equations. A nonuniqueness of irrotational flow and the mismatch between the velocity and the momentum density appear at this description. The mismatch is determined by the fluid vorticity and by some arbitrary parameter. Appearance of mismatch may be associated with the turbulence. The united formalism is purely dynamic. Even describing stochastic systems, it does not refer to probability and probabilistic structures.

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The formalism of dynamics in the space-time, where motion of free particles is primordially stochastic, is considered. The conventional dynamic formalism, obtained for the space-time, where the motion of free particles is primordially deterministic, seems to be unsuitable. The statistical ensemble of stochastic (or deterministic) systems is considered to be the main object of dynamics. At such an approach one can describe deterministic, stochastic and quantum particles by means of the uniform technique. The quantum particle is described as a stochastic particle, i.e. without a reference to the quantum principles. Besides, by means of this technique one can describe classical inviscid fluid. There are four different versions of the formalism. One of versions uses equations, which describes evolution of the labelling (Lagrangian coordinates at fixed initial conditions for the density and the momentum density. These fixed initial conditions enter in the evolution equations. A nonuniqueness of irrotational flow and the mismatch between the velocity and the momentum density appear at this description. The mismatch is determined by the fluid vorticity and by some arbitrary parameter. Appearance of mismatch may be associated with the turbulence. The united formalism is purely dynamic. Even describing stochastic systems, it does not refer to probability and probabilistic structures.
The formalism of the particle dynamics in the space-time, where motion of free particles is primordially stochastic, is considered. The conventional dynamic formalism, obtained for the space-time, where the motion of free particles is primordially deterministic, seems to be unsuitable. The statistical ensemble of stochastic (or deterministic) systems is considered to be the main object of dynamics. At such a logical reloading the statistical description becomes a component of dynamics, and capacities of dynamics increase. At such an approach one can describe deterministic, stochastic and quantum particles by means of the uniform technique. The quantum particle is described as a stochastic particle, i.e. without a reference to the quantum principles. Besides, by means of this technique one can describe classical inviscid fluid. There are four different versions of the formalism: (1) description in Euler dynamic variables, (2) description in Lagrange dynamic variables, (3) description in terms of the generalized stream function, (4) description in terms of the wave function. The uniform formalism is purely dynamic. Even describing stochastic systems, it does not refer to probability and probabilistic structures. In relativistic case the uniform formalism can describe pair production and pair annihilation.
Development of the contemporary theory of physical phenomena in the microcosm is considered to be a result of development of Einstein's ideas on a possibility of the event space modification and on a possibility of stochastic (Brownian) motion of free particles. One considers the space-time modification, based on a new conception of geometry. In the framework of this conception any geometry is obtained as a result of the proper Euclidean geometry deformation. In the framework of this conception it is possible such a space-time geometry, where the free particle motion appears to be stochastic, although the geometry in itself remains to be deterministic. The stochasticity intensity depends on the particle mass. It is small for particle of a large mass, and it is essential for the particle of a small mass. The space-time geometry may be chosen in such a way, that the statistical description of random world lines of particles be equivalent to the quantum description (the Schrödinger equation). At such a description the quantum principles are not used. They can be obtained as a corollaries of the statistical description of nonrelativistic stochastic particles. The nonrelativistic quantum principles may not be used for description of relativistic phenomena.
By taking into account the quantum aspects intrinsic to any operational definition of spatio-temporal relationships, a stochastic concept of spacetime emerges. In relation to its classical counterpart is realized as a stochastic mean around which quantum fluctuations become negligible only in the limit of macroscopic spacetime intervals. The test-particle propagators used in the proposed quantum concept of spacetime are derived by solving in a consistent manner the localizability problem for relativistic particles. This is achieved in the framework of the stochastic phase space formulation of quantum mechanics, which in the nonrelativistic context is shown to result from systems of imprimitivity related to phase space conserved probability currents derivable from bona fide convariant probability densities in stochastic phase spaces of one particle systems, which can be interpreted as due to measurements performed with extended rather than pointlike test particles. The associated particle propagators can be therefore consistently related to coordinate probability densities measurable by the exchange of photons in between test particles from a chosen standard. Quantum spacetime is defined as the family of propagators corresponding to all conceivable coherent flows of test particles. This family of free-fall propagators has to satisfy certain self-consistency conditions as well as consistent laws ofmore » motion which inplicitly determine the stochastic geometro-dynamics of quantum space-time. Field theory on quantum spacetime retains many of the formal features of conventional quantum field theory. On a fundamental epistemological level stochastic geometries emerge as essential prerequisites in the construction of spacetime models that would be operationally based and yet consistent with the relativity principle as well as with the uncertinty principle.« less
Introduction Despite the fact that classical mechanics employs deterministic dynamical laws, random dynamical processes often arise in classical physics, as well as in everyday life. A stochastic or random process is one in which states-of-affairs at successive times are not related to one another by deterministic laws, and instead probability theory is employed to describe whatever regularities exist. Tossing a coin or rolling a die several times in succession are examples of stochastic processes in which the previous history is of very little help in predicting what will happen in the future. The motion of a baseball is an example of a stochastic process which is to some degree predictable using classical equations of motion that relate its acceleration to the total force acting upon it. However, a lack of information about its initial state (e.g., whether it is spinning), its precise shape, and the condition and motion of the air through which it moves limits the precision with which one can predict its trajectory. The Brownian motion of a small particle suspended in a fluid and subject to random bombardment by the surrounding molecules of fluid is a well-studied example of a stochastic process in classical physics. Whereas the instantaneous velocity of the particle is hard to predict, there is a probabilistic correlation between successive positions, which can be predicted using stochastic dynamics and checked by experimental measurements. In particular, given the particle's position at a time t , it is possible to compute the probability that it will have moved a certain distance by the time t + Δ t .
Classical transport equations with probabilistic initial conditions can be viewed as quantum systems. In a discrete version they are probabilistic automata. The time-local probabilistic information is encoded in a classical wave function. Its unitary evolution obeys a Schrödinger equation. Statistical observables measure properties of the classical probability distribution. In the quantum formalism they are represented by operators which do not commute with the ones associated to classical observables. Momentum, quantum energy and angular momentum or charges yield conserved quantities which constrain the evolution of the classical probability distribution. The characteristic features of quantum mechanics, as the superposition of wave functions, interference, the importance of phases, non-commuting operators or a unitary time evolution, are realized by probabilistic classical transport equations. Stochastic transport equations are described by a quantum system with a stochastic Hamiltonian.