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Optics Express

Squeezing induced high-efficiency diffraction grating in two-level system

Guangling Cheng, Ai-Xi Chen

Published Feb 17, 2017• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show the effect of squeezed vacuum on laser-induced grating in a weak standing-wave-driving two-level atomic system. Using the optical Bloch equation and the Floquet harmonic expansion, we obtain the linear response of the medium with respect to the probe field, which determines the transmission spectrum and diffraction intensity. At the presence of the squeezing, the grating with large intensity both in the first- and higher-order directions can be obtainable even though the driving is relatively weak. The responsible mechanism is due to squeezing-induced gain accompanied by the large dispersion. Based on the spatial gain and phase modulations, the first- and high-order diffraction intensities simultaneously could have the large values. Such a scheme we present could have potential applications in implementing lensless imaging and developing the photon devices in quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1364/oe.25.004483

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We show the effect of squeezed vacuum on laser-induced grating in a weak standing-wave-driving two-level atomic system. Using the optical Bloch equation and the Floquet harmonic expansion, we obtain the linear response of the medium with respect to the probe field, which determines the transmission spectrum and diffraction intensity. At the presence of the squeezing, the grating with large intensity both in the first- and higher-order directions can be obtainable even though the driving is relatively weak. The responsible mechanism is due to squeezing-induced gain accompanied by the large dispersion. Based on the spatial gain and phase modulations, the first- and high-order diffraction intensities simultaneously could have the large values. Such a scheme we present could have potential applications in implementing lensless imaging and developing the photon devices in quantum information processing.
Abstract A scheme for two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating via spatial gain and phase modulation is presented in a two-level atomic system. Based on the interactions of two orthogonal standing-wave fields, the atom could diffract the weak probe beam into high-order directions and a 2D diffraction grating is generated. It is shown that the diffraction efficiency of the grating can be efficiently manipulated by controlling the Rabi frequencies of control fields, the detunings of the control and probe fields, and interaction length. Different from 2D cross-grating via electromagnetically induced transparency in a four-level atomic system, the present scheme results from the spatial modulation of gain and phase in a simple two-level system, which could lead to 2D gain-phase grating with larger diffraction intensities in the diffraction directions. The studies we present may have potential applications in developing photon devices for optical-switching, optical imaging and quantum information processing.
We theoretically investigate the transmission and diffraction of a weak probe field from an electromagnetically induced grating formed in a weakly driven two-level medium coupled to engineered quantum reservoirs. Using a perturbative solution of the optical Bloch equations in the weak-driving regime, we analyze how normal-vacuum, thermal, and broadband squeezed-vacuum environments modify the probe susceptibility and consequently reshape both the spatial transmission function and the far-field diffraction patterns. We show that reservoir statistics have a pronounced impact on the diffraction response by altering the amplitude and phase of the induced grating. Thermal reservoirs enhance the transmission modulation and increase the intensity of the dominant diffraction orders, whereas squeezed-vacuum reservoirs generate strongly phase-sensitive modifications that selectively redistribute optical power among diffraction channels. We further demonstrate that the detuning between the squeezed reservoir and the driving field provides an efficient mechanism for controlling diffraction directionality, leading to substantial amplification of selected angular orders. In two-dimensional geometries, squeezed-vacuum correlations produce highly structured phase landscapes and strongly anisotropic diffraction patterns, enabling directional enhancement of specific diffraction channels while suppressing others. These results establish reservoir engineering as a versatile approach for controlling transmission, diffraction efficiency, and angular selectivity in minimal two-level systems, with potential applications in programmable photonic devices, beam steering, and quantum optical platforms.
Finding schemes to promote the efficiency of phase gating nowadays is a main concern. We address this issue by devising a feasible and innovative scheme that enables us to obtain a gain-phase grating. It is shown that a linearly polarized probe field traveling through a double V-type closed-loop atomic system, which is driven by a standing wave and a microwave field, can be efficiently diffracted in higher orders. As a significant result, we find that intensity of the diffracted field is highly amplified in every single order direction compared with the intensity of the input probe field. The responsible mechanism is induced gain accompanied by the large dispersion arising due to the applying microwave field. It is shown that in the presence of a microwave field, among various parameters, the relative phase of the applied fields has the most appreciable effect on enhancing the intensity of diffraction orders. It is also demonstrated that quantum interference between decay channels of the quantum system can be used as a tool to manipulate the intensity of diffraction orders.
We theoretically investigate the phenomena of electromagnetically induced grating in an M-type five-level atomic system. It is found that a weak field can be effectively diffracted into high-order directions using a standing wave coupling field, and different depths of the phase modulation can disperse the diffraction light into different orders. When the phase modulation depth is approximated to the orders of , and , the first-, second- and third-order diffraction intensity reach the maximum, respectively. Thus we can take advantage of the phase modulation to control the probe light dispersing into the required high orders.
Abstract The scheme for gain-phase grating is proposed via double tunneling effect in the quantum dot molecules system with five-level structure, which is formed by two quantum dots due to inter-dot tunneling. Combining the stranding-wave control field with the double tunneling effect, the weak probe field could be diffracted to the high-order direction with the strong diffraction intensity. In the presence of double tunneling, the gain accompanied with the certain dispersion occurs, which is responsible for the preparation of the high-efficiency grating. It is found that the first-, second-, and other-order diffraction intensities are simultaneously higher than the central intensity and the diffraction intensities could be controlled by adjusting the parameters such as tunneling intensities, interaction length, probe detuning, relative phase and Rabi frequencies of external fields. The scheme we present can be utilized to develop a new photonic device for optical network and communication.
An electromagnetically induced grating in a four-level tripod-type atomic system is studied theoretically. By virtue of a weak standing-wave signal field, the phase modulation effectively diffracts a weak probe field into the first-order direction. By changing the weak signal field, the diffraction of the weak probe field can be modulated in real time, and a first-order diffraction efficiency of more than 32% can be obtained with proper parameters. Such a system has a potential application in an all-optical switch controlled by a weak optical signal.