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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Polarization rotation of light propagating through a medium with efficient four-wave mixing and cross-phase modulation

Sushree S. Sahoo, Arup Bhowmick, Ashok Kumar Mohapatra

Published Feb 8, 2017• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We have studied the rotation of an elliptically polarized light propagating through thermal rubidium vapor with efficient four-wave mixing (FWM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM). These nonlinear processes are enhanced by Zeeman coherence within the degenerate sub-levels of the two-level atomic system. The elliptically polarized light with small ellipticity is considered as the superposition of a strong-linearly-polarized pump beam and a weak-orthogonal-polarized probe beam. The interference of the probe and the newly generated light field due to degenerate FWM and their gain in the medium due to a large XPM induced by the pump beam leads to the rotation of the elliptical polarized light. A theoretical analysis of the probe propagation through the nonlinear medium was used to explain the experimental observation and the fitting of the experimental data gives the estimates of the third-order non-linear susceptibilities associated with FWM and XPM. Our study can provide useful parameters for the generation of efficient squeezed vacuum states and squeezed polarization states of light. Furthermore our study finds application in controlling the diffraction of a linearly-polarized light beam traversing the medium.

DOI
10.1088/1361-6455/aa5a1b

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Abstract We have studied the rotation of an elliptically polarized light propagating through thermal rubidium vapor with efficient four-wave mixing (FWM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM). These nonlinear processes are enhanced by Zeeman coherence within the degenerate sub-levels of the two-level atomic system. The elliptically polarized light with small ellipticity is considered as the superposition of a strong-linearly-polarized pump beam and a weak-orthogonal-polarized probe beam. The interference of the probe and the newly generated light field due to degenerate FWM and their gain in the medium due to a large XPM induced by the pump beam leads to the rotation of the elliptical polarized light. A theoretical analysis of the probe propagation through the nonlinear medium was used to explain the experimental observation and the fitting of the experimental data gives the estimates of the third-order non-linear susceptibilities associated with FWM and XPM. Our study can provide useful parameters for the generation of efficient squeezed vacuum states and squeezed polarization states of light. Furthermore our study finds application in controlling the diffraction of a linearly-polarized light beam traversing the medium.
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Abstract We investigate the nonlinear frequency conversion of non-diffracting optical modes via non-degenerate four-wave mixing(FWM) process in rubidium vapor. In this process, two strong control fields and a weak probe field mutually interact via afour-level double-Λ type atomic system to produce a new frequency weak Stokes field which is a phase conjugate to probe. We show that any arbitrary mode such as Airy, Bessel, Mathieu, and Weber beams encoded initially in the spatial envelope of probe field are efficiently transferred to FWM Stokes field by satisfying the phase matching condition. Interestingly, we found that the transmitted intensity profiles of Stokes beam are identical to that of probe beam while phase profile is complimentary.The phase conjugation property of output beams is revealed by interfering them with a copropagating plane wave. We further found the fidelity in terms of structural similarity between two transmitted modes of about 99%, which substantiates the high efficiency of FWM process. The efficient transfer and frequency conversion of such diffraction-free beams may have potential applications in nonlinear optical and quantum technologies.
We present an experimental system to generate large cross-phase modulation (XPM) in cold rubidium atoms. By using an efficient state-preparation technique in the 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb D1D1D1 line, an ideal four-level tripod-type atomic system is formed, which generates large cross-Kerr nonlinearity via interacting dark states in this system. The induced phase shift due to XPM for the probe beam is measured for different trigger beam intensities, which is the key to achieving conditional quantum phase gates and many other applications in quantum information processing.
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