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Scientia Sinica Informationis

An analysis of secrecy outage performance of DF and RF \\relaying SIMO system with imperfect CSI

Danyang Wang, Gaofeng Pan, Hui ZHAO

Published Jun 27, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper presents an investigation of the physical layer secrecy outage performance of the cooperative system in the typical four-node (source, relay, destination, and eavesdropper) scenario with imperfect channel state information (CSI). Specifically, we consider the single-input multiple-output wiretap channels, where the source (S) and the relay (R) are equipped with a single antenna, and the destination (D) and the eavesdropper (E) are equipped with multiple antennas. D and E adopt maximal ratio combining to process multiple copies of signals, and the relay adopts decode-and-forward (DF) and randomize-and-forward (RF) schemes to forward the received signal to the destination. E overhears the information transmitted over both the S-R and R-D links. We derive the closed-form and asymptotic expressions for the secrecy outage probability under both the DF and RF schemes with imperfect CSI, respectively, the accuracy of which is verified by simulation results.

DOI
10.1360/n112015-00265

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This paper presents an investigation of the physical layer secrecy outage performance of the cooperative system in the typical four-node (source, relay, destination, and eavesdropper) scenario with imperfect channel state information (CSI). Specifically, we consider the single-input multiple-output wiretap channels, where the source (S) and the relay (R) are equipped with a single antenna, and the destination (D) and the eavesdropper (E) are equipped with multiple antennas. D and E adopt maximal ratio combining to process multiple copies of signals, and the relay adopts decode-and-forward (DF) and randomize-and-forward (RF) schemes to forward the received signal to the destination. E overhears the information transmitted over both the S-R and R-D links. We derive the closed-form and asymptotic expressions for the secrecy outage probability under both the DF and RF schemes with imperfect CSI, respectively, the accuracy of which is verified by simulation results.
We analyze the secrecy outage performance of a mixed radio frequency-free space optical (RF-FSO) transmission system with imperfect channel state information (CSI). We deal with a single-input multiple-output wiretap model, where a base station (works as the relay) forwards the signal transmitted from a user (source) to a data center (works as the destination), while an eavesdropper wiretaps the confidential information by decoding the received signal. Both the relay and the eavesdropper are armed with multiple antennas, and maximal ratio combining scheme is utilized to improve the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The effects of imperfect CSI of the RF link and the FSO link, misalignment, detection schemes, and relaying schemes on the secrecy outage performance of mixed RF-FSO systems are studied. First, the cumulative distribution function and probability density function of FSO links with pointing error and two different detection technologies are derived. Then, we derive the closed-form expressions for the lower bound of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) with fixed-gain relaying and variable-gain relaying schemes. Furthermore, asymptotic results for the SOP are investigated by exploiting the unfolding of Meijer's G-function when the electrical SNR of FSO link approaches infinity. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation results are presented to corroborate the correctness of the analysis.
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Previous works on cooperative communication protocols under physical layer security have only considered perfect channel state information (CSI). In practice, fading channel coefficients are estimated imperfectly at receivers. In this paper, I propose and analyze a cooperative communication scheme under physical layer security with imperfect CSI. In this scheme, a source node transmits secure data to a destination node D with a help of a relay node against an eavesdropper node without direct links of source-destination and source-eavesdropper. The secrecy performance of the proposed scheme is presented by the secrecy outage probability in the closed-form expression. Simulation and analysis results demonstrate that the proposed secrecy scheme is more effective when the channel estimation error at the destination node is smaller than that at the eavesdropper node, and when the distance of the wiretapping link increases. In addition, the analysis values of the secrecy outage probability matches well with the simulation results.
In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security of a multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) relay system under imperfect channel state information (CSI). We propose using multiple antennas at the source and destination to increase the signal-to-noise (SNR) gain of the primary channel, thus improving the system's security performance. Exact closed-form expression of the secure outage probability (SOP) and secrecy capacity (SC) are derived and verified by Monte-Carlo simulations. A close match between the theoretical and simulation results confirms the accurateness of our mathematical analysis. We show that the SOP decreases while the SC increases as the average SNR is higher. Furthermore, the saturated minimum and maximum values highly depend on the number of antennas at source and destination, the degree of imperfect CSI, and the location of eavesdropper.
In this work, we analyze the secrecy outage performance of a dual-hop relay system composed of multiple-input-multiple-output radio-frequency (RF) links and a free-space optical (FSO) link while a multiple-antenna eavesdropper wiretaps the confidential information by decoding the received signals from the resource node. The channel state information (CSI) of the RF and FSO links is considered to be outdated. We propose three transmit antenna selection (TAS) schemes to enhance the secrecy performance of the considered systems. The secrecy outage performance with different TAS schemes is analyzed and the effects of misalignment and detection technology on the secrecy outage performance of mixed systems are studied. We derive the closed-form expressions for probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) over Málaga channel with imperfect CSI. Then the closed-form expressions for the CDF and PDF of the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the legitimate receiver over Nakagami-mmm and Málaga channels are derived. Furthermore, the lower bound of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) with different TAS schemes are derived. Besides, the asymptotic results for SOP are investigated by exploiting the unfolding of Meijer's GGG-function when the electrical SNR of FSO link approaches infinity. Finally, Monte-Carlo simulation results are presented to testify the correctness of the proposed analysis. The results illustrate that the outdated CSI shows a strong effect on the secrecy outage performance. In addition, increasing the number of antennas at the source cannot significantly enhance the secrecy performance of the considered systems.
Transmit beamforming is a diversity technique in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. It improves the diversity order and enhances the information security of the MIMO systems. In this paper, we mathematically analyze the secure performance of a MIMO decode-and-forward (DF) relay system under the presence of an eavesdropper and with the imperfect channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropping channel. To enhance the secrecy performance, we employ multiple antennas at all legitimate nodes and utilize two linear beamforming schemes, i.e., maximal ratio transmission (MRT) and transmission zero-forcing (TZF), at the transmitter and maximal ratio combining (MRC) scheme at the receiver. The probability density function (PDF) of the output SNR for different numbers of antennas at the transmitter and receiver is plotted and discussed. After that, we apply this PDF to derive the closed-form expressions of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and ergodic secrecy capacity (ESC) of the considered MIMO-DF relay system over Rayleigh fading channels for MRT/MRC and TZF/MRC schemes. In addition, based on the obtained analysis results, we provide the location of the relay that minimizes the system SOPs. All the analysis results are validated by Monte-Carlo simulations. The results show that the TZF/MRC scheme provides better SOP and ESC than the MRT/MRC scheme. Moreover, the number of antennas at the legitimate nodes and the location of the eavesdropper significantly impact the secrecy performance.