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Quantum Information Processing

Compact quantum gates for hybrid photon–atom systems assisted by Faraday rotation

Guo‐Zhu Song, Guojian Yang, Mei Zhang

Published Jan 17, 2017• 7 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11128-016-1478-6

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Both cavity quantum electrodynamics and photons are promising candidates for quantum information processing. Here we present two efficient schemes for universal quantum gates, that is, Fredkin gates and SWAP gates on atomic systems, assisted by Faraday rotation catalyzed by an auxiliary single photon. These gates are achieved by successfully reflecting an auxiliary single photon from an optical cavity with a single-trapped atom. They do not require additional qubits and they only need some linear-optical elements besides the nonlinear interaction between the flying photon and the atoms in the optical cavities. Moreover, these two universal quantum gates are robust. A high fidelity can be achieved in our schemes with current experimental technology. They may be very useful in quantum information processing in future, with the great progress on controlling atomic systems.
We present an efficient way for measuring the entanglement of atoms. The concurrence of atomic entanglement can be obtained according to the probability of picking up the singlet states of the atoms. In this protocol, we require the phenomenon of optical Faraday rotation, but the entangled atoms do not need to be in contact with each other and the atomic entanglement can be distributed nonlocally. Moreover, our way of measuring the concurrence for atoms can also be suitable for other solid systems, such as quantum dots inside microcavities and the nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) defect centers in diamonds, which can also induce the optical Faraday rotation. All these advantages provide important applications in future distributed quantum computations.