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Physical Review A

Storage efficiency of probe pulses in an electromagnetically-induced-transparency medium

Rui Zhang, Xiang‐Bin Wang

Published Dec 27, 2016• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have studied light storage in an electromagnetically-induced-transparency medium. The total storage efficiency for the probe pulse has been presented, with and without adiabatic approximation. Storage with different control parameters has been discussed and the influences on storage efficiency have been addressed. We have found that good efficiency can be achieved by using easily controlled wave shapes for the control field.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.94.063856

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We have studied light storage in an electromagnetically-induced-transparency medium. The total storage efficiency for the probe pulse has been presented, with and without adiabatic approximation. Storage with different control parameters has been discussed and the influences on storage efficiency have been addressed. We have found that good efficiency can be achieved by using easily controlled wave shapes for the control field.
We investigate the retrieval efficiency of light slowed and/or stored in a medium with electromagnetically-induced transparency (an EIT medium) by numerical simulations based on first principles. Starting from the master equation formulation, we derive the full dynamics of the system and then show how the approximations are applied to reduce the number of dynamical equations. While operating the system as an optical “retarder,” a “reflector,” and a “beam-splitter,” we find that the total retrieval efficiency in the case of the “beam-splitter” operation is lower than that in either of the other two operations. Nevertheless, we find that (1) when an appropriate value of detuning is applied between the two counter-propagating “ read ”-fields, the retrieval efficiency in the latter case can be significantly improved, (2) storing the signal in the form of the atomic spin wave is more advantageous than storing it in the form of a stationary light pulse (SLP), and (3) the retrieval efficiency can be augmented by increasing the strengths of the “ read ”-fields.
We study procedures for the optimization of efficiency of light storage and retrieval based on the dynamic form of electromagnetically induced transparency in hot Rb vapor. We present a detailed analysis of two recently demonstrated optimization protocols: a time-reversal-based iteration procedure, which finds the optimal input signal pulse shape for any given control field, and a procedure based on the calculation of an optimal control field for any given signal pulse shape. We verify that the two procedures are mutually consistent and that they both independently achieve the maximum memory efficiency for any given optical depth. We observe good agreement with theoretical predictions for moderate optical depths (<25)(<25)(<25), while at higher optical depths the experimental efficiency falls below the theoretically predicted values. We identify possible effects responsible for this reduction in memory efficiency.
We report on experimental investigation of optical-pulse group-velocity reduction and probe-pulse ``regeneration'' using a Raman scheme. This scheme, which does not rely on the commonly used on-one-photon-resonance electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) process, has many advantages over the conventional method that critically relies on the transparency window created by an EIT process. We demonstrate significant reduction of the group velocity, less probe-field loss, reduced probe-pulse distortion, and high probe-pulse regeneration efficiency.
Electromagnetically induced transparency and light storing are discussed in the case of an atomic medium in a double $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ configuration. A polariton description of both phenomena is systematically introduced. Analytic expressions are given which allow one to predict the shapes and phases of both the transmitted pulses and the stored and released ones as well as the atomic coherence in the storage stage. A comparison of the numerical solutions of the Maxwell-Bloch equations with the results due to the polariton model proves a strong predictive power of the latter.