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IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)

A Polarization state Modulation based Physical Layer Security scheme for Wireless Communications

Wei Dong, Lili Liang, Meng Zhang, Rong Qiao, Weiqing Huang

Published Nov 1, 2016• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A Polarization state Modulation based Physical Layer Security (PM-PLS) scheme is proposed to enhance the physical layer security of the wireless communication system. Such scheme uses the normal communication signal as the carrier, and conceals the confidential information in the carrier's polarization state. Moreover, utilizing the polarized channel differentia, the eavesdropper's channel quality can be severely worsened. Therefore, through PM-PLS scheme, both anti-detection and modulation information protection can be achieved. Furthermore, based on the proposed polarization constellation structure and polarization constellation encryption method, the depolarization effect caused impact to the desired receiver and eavesdropper are respectively analyzed. Finally, the simulations and experiments based on GNU Radio software platform are carried out to verify the security and efficiency of the proposed PM-PLS scheme.

DOI
10.1109/milcom.2016.7795493

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IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking•Nov 25, 2024•0 citations
A Polarization state Modulation based Physical Layer Security (PM-PLS) scheme is proposed to enhance the physical layer security of the wireless communication system. Such scheme uses the normal communication signal as the carrier, and conceals the confidential information in the carrier's polarization state. Moreover, utilizing the polarized channel differentia, the eavesdropper's channel quality can be severely worsened. Therefore, through PM-PLS scheme, both anti-detection and modulation information protection can be achieved. Furthermore, based on the proposed polarization constellation structure and polarization constellation encryption method, the depolarization effect caused impact to the desired receiver and eavesdropper are respectively analyzed. Finally, the simulations and experiments based on GNU Radio software platform are carried out to verify the security and efficiency of the proposed PM-PLS scheme.
In this paper, a dual-polarized phased array based polarization state modulation method is proposed to enhance the physical-layer security in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication systems. Indeed, we utilize two polarized beams to transmit the two components of the polarized signal, respectively. By randomly selecting the transmitting antennas, both the amplitude and the phase of two beams vary randomly in undesired directions, which lead to the PM constellation structure distortion in side lobes, thus the transmission security is enhanced since the symbol error rate increases at the eavesdropper side. To enhance the security performance when the eavesdropper is close to the legitimate receiver and located in main beam, the artificial noise based on the orthogonal vector approach is inserted randomly between two polarized beams, which can further distort the constellation structure in undesired directions and improve the secrecy capacity in main beam as well. Finally, theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the proposed method can improve the transmission security in mm-wave communication systems.
A novel physical layer security scheme based on channel pre-compensation is proposed to enhance the communication security in Polarization Shift Keying (PolSK) modulated systems. By using channel pre-compensation, which is performed based on the knowledge of channel, the original signal constellation is distorted, so that only intended receiver can recover. The proposed scheme makes the estimation of the constellation difficult for the adversary. The security and efficiency performance of the proposed scheme are analyzed via simulations.
A novel Physical Layer Security (PLS) framework is conceived for enhancing the security of wireless communication systems by exploiting multi-domain polarization in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. We design a sophisticated key generation scheme based on multi-domain polarization and the corresponding receivers. An in-depth analysis of the system’s secrecy rate is provided, demonstrating the confidentiality of our approach in the presence of eavesdroppers having strong computational capabilities. More explicitly, our simulation results and theoretical analysis corroborate the advantages of the proposed scheme in terms of its bit error rate (BER), block error rate (BLER), and maximum achievable secrecy rate. Our findings indicate that the innovative PLS framework effectively enhances the security and reliability of wireless communication systems. For example, in a4×44\times 44×4MIMO setup, the proposed PLS strategy exhibits an improvement of 2dB compared to conventional MIMO, systems at a BLER of2⋅10−52\cdot 10^{-5}2⋅10−5while the eavesdropper’s BLER reaches 1.
In contrast to the network security that relies on upper-layer encryption for the confidentiality and authenticity of communications, physical layer security (PLS) exploits the uniqueness and randomness of the physical channel to encrypt information and enhance the security of the system. In this paper, we study the PLS of a polar-coded wireless communication system. To be more specific, we leverage the unique properties in polar code construction and propose a channel quality indicator (CQI)-based frozen-bit pattern generation scheme. The transmitter employs the Gaussian approximation algorithm to generate the corresponding frozen bit pattern according to the instantaneous CQI of the legitimate link. At the receiver, by leveraging the full channel reciprocity in the time-division duplex (TDD) mode, we can map the CQI to the corresponding frozen bit pattern and correctly decode the received bits. By contrast, the eavesdropper was unable to have the knowledge of the legal channel, and hence cannot determine the frozen bit pattern of the polar-coded bit sequence. Our simulation results demonstrate that by adopting the proposed PLS key generation scheme, Eve was hardly able to correctly decode a complete frame, leading to a high block error rate (BLER), while Bob was able to attain a 10−5 BLER.
Physical layer security (PLS) has emerged as a new concept and powerful alternative that can complement and may even replace encryption-based approaches, which entail many hurdles and practical problems for future wireless systems. The basic idea of PLS is to exploit the characteristics of the wireless channel and its impairments including noise, fading, interference, dispersion, diversity, etc. in order to ensure the ability of the intended user to successfully perform data decoding while preventing eavesdroppers from doing so. Thus, the main design goal of PLS is to increase the performance difference between the link of the legitimate receiver and that of the eavesdropper by using well-designed transmission schemes. In this survey, we propose a conceptual, generic, and expandable framework for classifying the existing PLS techniques against wireless passive eavesdropping. In this flexible framework, the security techniques that we comprehensively review in this treatise are divided into two primary approaches: signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio-based approach and complexity-based approach. The first approach is classified into three major categories: first, secrecy channel codes-based schemes; second, security techniques based on channel adaptation; third, schemes based on injecting interfering artificial (noise/jamming) signals along with the transmitted information signals. The second approach (complexity-based), which is associated with the mechanisms of extracting secret sequences from the shared channel, is classified into two main categories based on which layer the secret sequence obtained by channel quantization is applied on. The techniques belonging to each one of these categories are divided and classified into three main signal domains: time, frequency and space. For each one of these domains, several examples are given and illustrated along with the review of the state-of-the-art security advances in each domain. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of each approach alongside the lessons learned from existing research works are stated and discussed. The recent applications of PLS techniques to different emerging communication systems such as visible light communication, body area network, power line communication, Internet of Things, smart grid, mm-Wave, cognitive radio, vehicular ad-hoc network, unmanned aerial vehicle, ultra-wideband, device-to-device, radio-frequency identification, index modulation, and 5G non-orthogonal multiple access based-systems, are also reviewed and discussed. The paper is concluded with recommendations and future research directions for designing robust, efficient and strong security methods for current and future wireless systems.
Physical layer security (PLS) leverages physical characteristics of wireless channels to allow secure data transfer in wireless communications. While PLS has received considerable research, its practical implementation is still evolving. To address this gap, this work designs and implements a keyless PLS-based communication scheme using three USRP devices in an over-the-air environment in which a multi-antenna transmitter infuses an artificial Gaussian noise source to the nullspace of an intended receiver in order to obscure the received signal of an eavesdropper. The design is applicable to high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellations, which is suitable for high-spectral efficiency wireless communication systems. Our measurement results fully demonstrate the confidentiality achieved by the proposed PLS implementation.