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Storage and Manipulation of Photonic Information with Slow Light Effect

Yong‐Fan Chen

Published Mar 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Light pulse can be greatly slowed down and even completely stopped based on the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In this paper, we study the storage and manipulation of photonic information with slow light effect. The content includes the studies of photon switching, storage and manipulation of light, and light-storage cross-phase modulation (XPM). Our studies show that the photon switching system and light-storage technique may have important applications in quantum communications and computations.

DOI
10.30011/oe.200703.0003

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Light pulse can be greatly slowed down and even completely stopped based on the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In this paper, we study the storage and manipulation of photonic information with slow light effect. The content includes the studies of photon switching, storage and manipulation of light, and light-storage cross-phase modulation (XPM). Our studies show that the photon switching system and light-storage technique may have important applications in quantum communications and computations.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) techniques are important tools for the storage of the quantum states of light fields in atomic ensembles and for enhancement of the interaction between photons. In this paper, we briefly summarize the recent experimental studies conducted by our group on enhanced cross-phase modulation based on double EIT effects, the quantum interference of stored dual-channel spin-wave excitations and the coherent manipulation of the spin wave vector for the polarization of photons in a single tripod atomic system. The work presented here has potential application in the developing field of quantum information processing.
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Strong optical cross-phase modulation (XPM) for weak fields is tremendously important for optical quantum information (QI) processing and for all-optical switches in classical communication. A sufficiently large XPM would allow the design of deterministic controlled quantum gates for photonic qubits and thus enable universal optical quantum computation. Recently, several proposals have been brought forward to create large XPM using double electromagnetically induced transparency (DEIT) in which two weak signal light pulses travel at equally slow group velocity, but creating DEIT still poses an experimental challenge. We give a brief overview about DEIT and discuss its applications and limitations. A scheme that combines the best features of previous proposals and optimizes the large XPM parameter for DEIT schemes is outlined. Finally we devise a scheme to perform universal quantum information processing, which respects the bound on the achievable nonlinearity and addresses the requirement of quantum error correction.
Despite the importance of quantum interference and coherent population trapping to the theory of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), it is shown that the recent experiments which slow down and even stop a light pulse in a dielectric really rely on a linear, refractive index type theory. From this point of view and in considerable contrast, the experiment on degenerate self-induced transparency (SIT) done 27 years ago which slowed down an optical pulse (in principle to zero velocity) was based on an intrinsically nonlinear (soliton type) theory. In quantum mechanical terms both theories are developed at the level of expectation values only and at this level the two different theories come together in terms of the storage and retrieval of information. In the Appendix we analyse the nature of this information in terms of the quantum equations governing linear EIT and nonlinear SIT.
We experimentally study the generation and storage of double slow light pulses in a Pr～（3+）:Y2 SiO5 crystal.Under electromagnetically induced transparency,a single signal pulse is stored in the spin coherence of the crystal.By simultaneously switching on two control fields to recall the stored information,the spin coherence is converted into two slow light pulses with distinct frequencies.Furthermore,the storage and controlled retrieval of double slow light pulses are obtained by manipulating the control fields.This study of double slow light pulses may have practical applications in information processing and all-optical networks.
How to store and process the quantum information is one of the core issues for the present study of quantum information.With numerical simulation method,the process of stored photonic information was based on the technique of electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT).And then,the influence on the storing process by changes of the coupling coefficient between the signal light and the atom,the atoms relaxation rate,and the controlling light were discussed.It shows that the output signal impulse is stronger with great strength of the coupling coefficient and the controlling light,and weaker with great atoms relaxation rate.Furthermore,the storage position is influenced by the intensity of controlling light.