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SpringerBriefs in mathematical physics

Algebraic Quantum Mechanics

J.-B. Bru, W. de Siqueira Pedra

Published Dec 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-319-45784-0_2

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Abstract We investigate operator algebraic origins of the classical Koopman–von Neumann wave function ψKvN\psi _{KvN}ψKvN​ ψ KvN as well as the quantum-mechanical one ψQM\psi _{QM}ψQM​ ψ QM . We introduce a formalism of Operator Mechanics (OM) based on a noncommutative Poisson, symplectic, and noncommutative differential structures. OM serves as a pre-quantum algebra from which algebraic structures relevant to real-world classical and quantum mechanics follow. In particular, ψKvN\psi _{KvN}ψKvN​ ψ KvN and ψQM\psi _{QM}ψQM​ ψ QM are both consequences of this pre-quantum formalism. No a priori Hilbert space is needed. OM admits an algebraic notion of operator expectation values without invoking states. A phase space bundle E{{\mathcal {E}}}E E follows from this. ψKvN\psi _{KvN}ψKvN​ ψ KvN and ψQM\psi _{QM}ψQM​ ψ QM are shown to be sections in E{{\mathcal {E}}}E E . The difference between ψKvN\psi _{KvN}ψKvN​ ψ KvN and ψQM\psi _{QM}ψQM​ ψ QM originates from a quantization map interpreted as “twisting” of sections over E{{\mathcal {E}}}E E . We also show that the Schrödinger equation is obtained from the Koopman–von Neumann equation. What this suggests is that neither the Schrödinger equation nor the quantum wave function are fundamental structures. Rather, they both originate from a pre-quantum operator algebra. Finally, we comment on how entanglement between these operators suggests emergence of space; and possible extensions of this formalism to field theories.
In mathematical aspect, we introduce quantum algorithm and the mathematical structure of quantum computer. Quantum algorithm is expressed by linear algebra on a finite dimensional complex inner product space. The mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics had been established in around 1930, by von Neumann. The formulation uses functional analysis, linear algebra and probability theory. The knowledge of the mathematical formulation of QM is enough quantum mechanical knowledge for approaching to quantum algorithm and it might be efficient way for mathematicians that starting with mathematical formulations of QM. We explain the mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics briefly, quantum bits, quantum gates, quantum discrete Fourier transformation, Deutsch's algorithm and Shor's algorithm.