Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Study of effect of Polarization of light on absorption index of alkali metal vapor in optical pumping Phenomenon

Samaneh Birzhandi, Seyedeh Mehri Hamidi, Mohammad Mehdi

Published Jan 1, 2016• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Recently atomic magnetometer are one of the best tools in biomagnetic measurement such as magnetic field of brain and heart. in this paper the technology of optically pumped atomic magnetometer based on circularly polarized light absorption pumping are described.in addition Several magnetometer's response factors such as cell temperature , laser's intensity Are introduced and reviewed.

Related papers

Real-time measurement of pump beam polarization through the transmitted light intensity in a polarized alkali metal vapor cell

Lihong Duan, Lele Ma, Zeyi Hu +2 more

A laser beam with left-/right-handed circular polarization is generally used to create the oriented atomic spins for precision measurements in a spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) co-magnetometer. The fluctuation of laser polarization interferes with the spin polarization of alkali metal atoms, leading to the system performance degradation. Here, we report a method for real-time polarization state measurement by using the transmitted light intensity of the pump beam passing through the vapor cell. Based on the principle of circular dichroism, the optical absorption model of polarized alkali metal atoms is established. The simulation results of the transmittance of the pump laser with different polarization states through the alkali metal vapor cell are given and verified by experiments. The experimental results show that the circularly polarized beam has the weakest absorption, while the linearly polarized laser beam is absorbed the strongest. The achieved measurement accuracy stands at an impressive 98.83 %. This work provides a simple and easy-to-use way to measure the polarization state of the laser beam used in the vapor cell devices, particularly the microfabricated prototypes with limited space.

Optics Express•May 30, 2024•2 citations

Spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometry using elliptically polarized light

Vishal Shah, Michael V. Romalis

Spin-exchange relaxation free alkali-metal magnetometers typically operate in the regime of high optical density, presenting challenges for simple and efficient optical pumping and detection. We describe a high-sensitivity Rb magnetometer using a single elliptically polarized off-resonant laser beam. Circular component of the light creates relatively uniform spin polarization while the linear component is used to measure optical rotation generated by the atoms. Modulation of the atomic spin direction with an oscillating magnetic field shifts the detected signal to high frequencies. Using a fiber-coupled distributed feedback laser, we achieve magnetic field sensitivity of $7\text{ }\text{fT}/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ with a miniature $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}5\text{ }\text{mm}\text{ }\text{Rb}$ vapor cell.

arXiv:0903.2447•Physical Review A•Jul 24, 2009•273 citations

Rb atoms’ Polarization and its gradient estimation for nonresonant light by using Lambert function

Samaneh Birzhandi

Abstract Polarization of alkali vapor is a key parameter in the atomic magnetometer's response to the applied magnetic field. In this paper, estimating polarization is used by studying the transmission behavior of the pump beam as a function of intensity. In our study, the transmission of circularly polarized light exhibits nontrivial features such as nonlinear absorption and relaxation. The advantages of this method are its simplicity for characterizing polarization and its accuracy. The intensity and wavelength of the pumping laser are considered for studying polarization changes and polarization gradient. This method could apply directly to the quantum computing in devices like memory, gate, clock, and for reference cell. Also, this method is fast, reliable and accurate and doesn't need on resonance detection which makes it more suitable for ZULF NMR detection.

•Apr 18, 2023•0 citations

Analysis of Polarization Parameters of Co-Magnetometers Based on Elliptically Polarized Light Absorption Model

Lele Ma, Z X Liu, Xinhui Liu +3 more

The spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) comagnetometers, owing to their ultra-high sensitivity, are widely applied in fields such as inertial and magnetic field measurements, frontier physics research, etc. This technology relies on pump light to achieve the spin polarization of alkali metal atoms. During this process, the pump light is absorbed and thus attenuated by the alkali metal atoms. In this study, an absorption decay model for elliptically polarized light was solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, breaking through the applicability limitations of conventional analytical solutions for arbitrary polarized light. The effects of pump light polarization states and power on optical pumping rate, electron polarization, and measurement sensitivity were further investigated. It was found that there is a contradiction in achieving low polarization gradient and high scale coefficient by adjusting light intensity, increasing the pump light intensity can reduce the polarization gradient but will decrease the scale coefficient. Elliptically polarized light can realize low polarization gradient while enhancing the magnetic field response. This research establishes a theoretical foundation for optimizing the selection of pump light parameters in quantum sensors.

IEEE International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments•Aug 22, 2025•0 citations

Optimization of the alkali-metal density ratio in a hybrid optical pumping atomic magnetometer

Yang Li, Xue-Jing Liu, Hongwei Cai +2 more

Abstract The alkali-metal density ratio is one of the primary design parameters in hybrid optical pumping magnetometers. Here, experiments were conducted with a hybrid optically-pumped atomic magnetometer using a cell containing potassium and rubidium. Potassium atoms are pumped by a laser and become polarized. Rubidium atoms are polarized via collisions with potassium atoms and can be probed. The light shift was eliminated by adjusting the density ratio of potassium to rubidium atoms and by optimizing the pump laser parameters. The effect of fluctuations in the laser power and frequency were minimized as a result. The optimal density ratio and magnetic field sensitivity were 1:277 and 0.68 fT Hz −1/2 , respectively.

Measurement Science and Technology•Nov 9, 2018•19 citations

Effect of optical polarization error on the magnetic resonance signal of NMOR atomic magnetometer

Mengnan Tian, Yanchao Chai, Zhenglong Lu +2 more

Abstract In NMOR magnetometers, we choose the linear polarized light to pump atoms, and the polarization state is the key factor affecting the evolution of alkali metal atoms. However, polarization errors are introduced due to the refraction of the glass surfaces of the cell and the imperfection of optical devices, which causes the actual laser light to be elliptically polarized. In this paper, the optical ellipticity for this system is accurately measured by the π transition principle first. Then, the magnetic resonance signals under different ellipticity are investigated theoretically and experimentally, and the atomic polarization state is visualized. The results show that the optical ellipticity error introduced by the system will reduce the measurement accuracy and sensitivity of the system, and it is meaningful to use high extinction ratio optical devices and introduce the quarter-wave plate to offset the circularly polarized components.

Journal of Physics Conference Series•Feb 1, 2025•0 citations
Recently atomic magnetometer are one of the best tools in biomagnetic measurement such as magnetic field of brain and heart. in this paper the technology of optically pumped atomic magnetometer based on circularly polarized light absorption pumping are described.in addition Several magnetometer's response factors such as cell temperature , laser's intensity Are introduced and reviewed.
A laser beam with left-/right-handed circular polarization is generally used to create the oriented atomic spins for precision measurements in a spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) co-magnetometer. The fluctuation of laser polarization interferes with the spin polarization of alkali metal atoms, leading to the system performance degradation. Here, we report a method for real-time polarization state measurement by using the transmitted light intensity of the pump beam passing through the vapor cell. Based on the principle of circular dichroism, the optical absorption model of polarized alkali metal atoms is established. The simulation results of the transmittance of the pump laser with different polarization states through the alkali metal vapor cell are given and verified by experiments. The experimental results show that the circularly polarized beam has the weakest absorption, while the linearly polarized laser beam is absorbed the strongest. The achieved measurement accuracy stands at an impressive 98.83 %. This work provides a simple and easy-to-use way to measure the polarization state of the laser beam used in the vapor cell devices, particularly the microfabricated prototypes with limited space.
Spin-exchange relaxation free alkali-metal magnetometers typically operate in the regime of high optical density, presenting challenges for simple and efficient optical pumping and detection. We describe a high-sensitivity Rb magnetometer using a single elliptically polarized off-resonant laser beam. Circular component of the light creates relatively uniform spin polarization while the linear component is used to measure optical rotation generated by the atoms. Modulation of the atomic spin direction with an oscillating magnetic field shifts the detected signal to high frequencies. Using a fiber-coupled distributed feedback laser, we achieve magnetic field sensitivity of 7 fT/Hz7\text{ }\text{fT}/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}7 fT/Hz​ with a miniature $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}5\text{ }\text{mm}\text{ }\text{Rb}$ vapor cell.
Abstract Polarization of alkali vapor is a key parameter in the atomic magnetometer's response to the applied magnetic field. In this paper, estimating polarization is used by studying the transmission behavior of the pump beam as a function of intensity. In our study, the transmission of circularly polarized light exhibits nontrivial features such as nonlinear absorption and relaxation. The advantages of this method are its simplicity for characterizing polarization and its accuracy. The intensity and wavelength of the pumping laser are considered for studying polarization changes and polarization gradient. This method could apply directly to the quantum computing in devices like memory, gate, clock, and for reference cell. Also, this method is fast, reliable and accurate and doesn't need on resonance detection which makes it more suitable for ZULF NMR detection.
The spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) comagnetometers, owing to their ultra-high sensitivity, are widely applied in fields such as inertial and magnetic field measurements, frontier physics research, etc. This technology relies on pump light to achieve the spin polarization of alkali metal atoms. During this process, the pump light is absorbed and thus attenuated by the alkali metal atoms. In this study, an absorption decay model for elliptically polarized light was solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, breaking through the applicability limitations of conventional analytical solutions for arbitrary polarized light. The effects of pump light polarization states and power on optical pumping rate, electron polarization, and measurement sensitivity were further investigated. It was found that there is a contradiction in achieving low polarization gradient and high scale coefficient by adjusting light intensity, increasing the pump light intensity can reduce the polarization gradient but will decrease the scale coefficient. Elliptically polarized light can realize low polarization gradient while enhancing the magnetic field response. This research establishes a theoretical foundation for optimizing the selection of pump light parameters in quantum sensors.
Abstract The alkali-metal density ratio is one of the primary design parameters in hybrid optical pumping magnetometers. Here, experiments were conducted with a hybrid optically-pumped atomic magnetometer using a cell containing potassium and rubidium. Potassium atoms are pumped by a laser and become polarized. Rubidium atoms are polarized via collisions with potassium atoms and can be probed. The light shift was eliminated by adjusting the density ratio of potassium to rubidium atoms and by optimizing the pump laser parameters. The effect of fluctuations in the laser power and frequency were minimized as a result. The optimal density ratio and magnetic field sensitivity were 1:277 and 0.68 fT Hz −1/2 , respectively.
Abstract In NMOR magnetometers, we choose the linear polarized light to pump atoms, and the polarization state is the key factor affecting the evolution of alkali metal atoms. However, polarization errors are introduced due to the refraction of the glass surfaces of the cell and the imperfection of optical devices, which causes the actual laser light to be elliptically polarized. In this paper, the optical ellipticity for this system is accurately measured by the π transition principle first. Then, the magnetic resonance signals under different ellipticity are investigated theoretically and experimentally, and the atomic polarization state is visualized. The results show that the optical ellipticity error introduced by the system will reduce the measurement accuracy and sensitivity of the system, and it is meaningful to use high extinction ratio optical devices and introduce the quarter-wave plate to offset the circularly polarized components.